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Rates of 30-day mortality by American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and modified frailty index (mFI). *ASA classification scores of ≥4 had greater risk of 30-day mortality compared to patients with an ASA score of 2; *CCI scores of ≥12 had a greater risk of 30-day mortality compared to patients with a CCI score of 6; and *mFI scores ≥1 had greater risk of 30-day mortality compared to nonfrail patients (p<0.05 all).
