. 2018 Mar 21;32(6):809–818. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001766

Table 1.

Estimated costs of preexposure prophylaxis programs, and proportion of costs because of preexposure prophylaxis drugs, from costing and cost-effectiveness studies conducted since 2010, by World Bank country classifications for 2017.

			Cost components
Reference	Population	Country	ARV drugs	Laboratory tests	HIV tests	STI testing	Hepatitis B test	Blood urea nitrogen	Serum creatinine	Pregnancy test	Staff costs	Physician	Nurse	Laboratory staff	Staff training	Adherence counselling	Other	Cost units^a	PrEP total cost per person per year	PrEP drug cost per person per year	Percentage of total costs attributable to drugs
High-income countries
Juusola et al. [22]	MSM	USA	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓		✓	✓						US$ 2010	10,237	9,441	92%
Horberg and Raymond [23]	Not specified	USA	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓		✓		✓	Hepatitis B vaccination, risk reduction counselling	US $	17,808–17,939	17,125	96%
Ouellet et al. [24]	MSM	Canada	✓	✓		✓			✓		✓	✓	✓				Condoms, overheads, pharmacist dispensing fees	Can $2012 (US $2012)	11,593 (9,387)	9,396 (7,608)	81%
Schneider et al. [25]	MSM	Australia	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓		✓	✓						AU $2013 (US $2013)	10,362 (7,025)	9,597^b (6,506)	93%
Ong et al. [14]	MSM	UK	✓														Clinic costs	GB £2013/14 (US $2014)	4,560 (6,514)	4,311 (6,159)	95%
Mabileau et al. [26]	Discordant couples	France	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	✓					Urine ovulation tests	€2013 (US $2013)	6,702 (8,055)	6,437 (7,737)	96%
Upper-middle income countries
Gomez et al. [27]	MSM	Peru	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓		✓	✓	✓				Condoms and lubricants, behaviour change communication, counselling, project level costs	US $2011	606–828	420–600	66–75%
Pretorius et al. [28]	General population	South Africa	✓	✓	✓				✓									US $2010	150	134	89%
Cremin et al. [29]	General population	South Africa	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓			Facilities, outreach	US $2012	252	118	47%
Stover et al. [30]	General population	South Africa	✓	✓													Service delivery	US $	95	50	53%
Walensky et al. [31]	High-risk women	South Africa	✓	✓	✓												Chemistry panels, clinic visits	US $2014	148	75	51%
Lower-middle income countries
Alistar et al. [32]	People who inject drugs	Ukraine	✓	✓	✓					✓						✓	Monitoring PrEP side effects	US $	950	450	47%
Nichols et al. [33]	General population	Zambia	✓	✓							✓			✓			HIV testing includes outpatient visits	US $2012	134	127	95%
Nichols et al. [34]	General population	Zambia	✓	✓	✓						✓			✓			Outpatient visits	US $	137	126	92%
Kiragu et al. [35]	MSM and young women	Kenya	✓	✓	✓						✓			✓	✓		Demand-creation, lab equipment, transport, building costs	US $2012	618 1st year; 522 2nd year	110	18% 1st year; 21% 2nd year
Mitchell et al. [36]	Discordant couples	Nigeria	✓	✓	✓		✓		✓	✓	✓				✓		Drug delivery costs, mass media, facilities, logistics	US $2012	233	91	39%
Low-income countries
Ying et al. [37,38]	Discordant couples	Uganda	✓	✓	✓		✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	Wages for other staff, start-up costs, office supplies, transport, building costs	US $2012	Cost for 6 months: 408 (Partners Demo project)92 (Ministry of Health estimate)	30475	37%41%

^aWhere year is missing, this was not specified in the article.

^bThe drug costs include pharmacist markup and dispensing fees.