Table 2.

Bishara’s classification based on craniofacial structures involved.

Dental	Skeletal	Muscular	Functional
- Congenitally missing tooth or teeth - Premature loss of deciduous teeth - Deleterious oral habits such as digit sucking resulting in asymmetric open bite - Midline discrepancies - Occlusal discrepancies in first, second or third order plane	Involving i) Maxilla, or/and ii) Mandible, or iii) number of skeletal structures on one side of face, as in Hemifacial microsomia and Treacher-collins syndrome	- Hemifacial microsomia - Mobius syndrome - Cerebral palsy - Unilateral masseter or temporal muscle hypertrophy - Long term untreated cases of torticollis causing fibrosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle	- Centric prematurities causing a lateral mandibular displacement on full closure from initial tooth contact position to habitual occlusal position -Presence of malpositioned tooth, dental crossbite, constricted maxillary arch or anteriorly displaced articular disc usually results in functional deviations.