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. 2018 Mar 15;8:4643. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22850-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Manganese (Mn)-enhanced MRI of anterograde Mn transport along the visual pathway of D2 and B6 mice in Groups 1–4 across age. (a) Mn-enhanced MRI of the optic nerve (top 2 rows), lateral geniculate nucleus (middle 2 rows) and superior colliculus (bottom 2 rows) at 8 hours after intravitreal MnCl₂ injection into both eyes at 5, 7, 9 and 12 mos. White arrows indicated Mn enhancements. Scale bar = 1 mm. (b) Spatiotemporal T1-weighted (T1W) signal intensity (SI) profiles in the optic nerve (top), lateral geniculate nucleus (middle) and superior colliculus (bottom) of the D2 and B6 mice across age. T1W SI was calibrated to a nearby saline phantom to account for potential system instability between Mn-enhanced MRI experiments. Post–hoc Tukey’s tests between ages in D2: ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001, ^####p < 0.0001; between D2 and B6: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001. No significant difference was observed between ages in the B6 mice. Error bars represent ± standard deviation.