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. 2018 Mar 9;9:200. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00200

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Copyright © 2018 Sharma, Levenson, Browning, Becker, Clements, Castella and Cox.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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East Indian sandalwood oil suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity in cell models. (A) dermal fibroblast (DF), (B) BEAS-2B, (C) A549, and (D) THP-1 cells were treated with vehicle (0), LPS (1 μg/ml) or LPS + EISO at 0.001 or 0.002 % (v/v) for 2 h (open bars) and 4 h (filled bars). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) PDE activity was determined from cell lysates as described in “Materials and Methods.” All values are given as the mean ± SEM (n = 4). ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 versus unstimulated control; ^†p < 0.05, ^††p < 0.01, ^†††p < 0.001 versus LPS-stimulated cells.