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. 2018 Mar 9;9:200. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00200

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Copyright © 2018 Sharma, Levenson, Browning, Becker, Clements, Castella and Cox.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Lipopolysaccharide stimulates and EISO suppresses sentinel cytokines/chemokines production by DF (open bar), BEAS-2B (filled bar), A549 (hatched bar), and THP-1 cells (double hatched bar). Cells were treated with vehicle (0), LPS (1 μg/ml) or LPS + EISO (0.001 or 0.002%). Accumulation of TNF-α; 4 h (A), MCP-1 (B), IL-8 (C), and IL-6 (D) at 24 h was determined from conditioned media by ELISA. Cytokine/chemokine accumulation was compared with levels in LPS-stimulated samples, expressed as pg/ml. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 4). ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 versus control; ^†p < 0.05, ^††p < 0.01, ^†††p < 0.001 versus LPS-stimulated cells.