Table 1. Clinical and biochemical features of non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) matched controls.
| Parameters | PCOS (n=74) | Controls (n=74) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometric parameters | ||||
| Age (yr) | 23.8±5.5 | 24.4±5.0 | 0.461 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.4±2.1 | 20.4±2.1 | 0.950 | |
| WC (cm) | 73.9±5.5 | 75.5±6.6 | 0.256 | |
| Hirsutism score | 5 (0–9) | 0 (0–3) | <0.001 | |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 113.5±11.9 | 105.7±9.9 | <0.001 | |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 75.3±6.5 | 64.3±6.3 | <0.001 | |
| Hormonal parameters | ||||
| Total testosterone (ng/mL) | 0.37 (0.33–0.42) | 0.22 (0.18–0.29) | <0.001 | |
| Free testosterone (pg/mL) | 0.91 (0.80–1.02) | 0.36 (0.27–0.47) | <0.001 | |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 49.0 (43.1–55.7) | 54.9 (44.8–67.2) | 0.401 | |
| FAI | 3.4 (2.2–4.6) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | <0.001 | |
| Luteinizing hormone (IU/L) | 7.6 (6.8–8.4) | Not checked | - | |
| Follicle stimulating hormone (IU/L) | 4.5 (4.2–4.8) | Not checked | - | |
| Estradiol (pg/mL) | 61.1±10.0 | Not checked | - | |
| Metabolic parameters | ||||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 87.6±7.6 | 84.9±6.1 | 0.040 | |
| Fasting insulin | 8.55 (7.55–9.69) | 5.37 (4.33–6.66) | <0.001 | |
| HOMA-IR | 1.79 (1.56–2.04) | 1.20 (0.98–1.47) | 0.002 | |
| 75 g OGTT glucose | 94.6±18.7 | Not checked | - | |
| 75 g OGTT insulin | 46.3 (39.3–51.3) | Not checked | - | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 175.5±28.3 | 172.0±26.6 | 0.521 | |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 81.5±34.3 | 75.1±27.4 | 0.307 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 65.8±16.5 | 62.14±10.7 | 0.202 | |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 94.5±22.7 | 94.9±21.9 | 0.943 | |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.39±0.69 | 5.50±0.23 | 0.339 | |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 4.63±0.94 | 4.25±0.69 | 0.031 | |
| Visfatin (ng/mL) | 3.41±1.41 | 3.28±1.01 | 0.789 | |
Data are shown as the means±standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or geometric mean (95% confidence intervals). P-values are indicated for the differences between groups, as analyzed using a Student's t-test.
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; BP, blood pressure; SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin; FAI, free androgen index; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.