Figure 5.

Dose- and time-dependent effects of RTD-1 on airway neutrophilia, cytokine proteins, and gene expression. A time course study was conducted to assess the direct effects of RTD-1s on airway neutrophils and immune mediators. RTD-1 at 0, 5, or 25 mg/kg was administered 0.5 hour before 1 μg intranasal LPS. BALF was obtained at the times noted for MIP-2 (A), KC (B), TNF (C), IL-1β (D), and total cell counts (E) (n = 3 mice per group; mean [±SD]). In a separate set of mice, changes in 3-hour lung homogenate cytokine mRNA levels were evaluated (F) (n = 3 mice per group; mean [±SD]). Treatment compared with control by two-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post test *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.