Table 4.
Relative odds of a decedent with intellectual disability (1) presenting to ED at least once in the last year of life, (2) being admitted to hospital at least once in the last year of life with the primary diagnosis and (3) having a cause of death coded in each ICD-10-AM diagnostic category compared with the matched comparison cohort (matched strata weights applied)
| ED presentations* | Hospital admissions* | Cause of death | |||||||
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Infectious/parasitic disease | 2.0 | 1.4 to 2.9 | <0.001 | 2.1 | 1.6 to 2.9 | <0.001 | 1.7 | 1.0 to 2.8 | 0.070 |
| Cancers | 0.6 | 0.4 to 0.9 | 0.008 | 0.4 | 0.3 to 0.5 | <0.001 | 0.4 | 0.3 to 0.5 | <0.001 |
| Blood/immune system | 0.8 | 0.5 to 1.4 | 0.447 | 0.5 | 0.3 to 0.8 | 0.008 | 1.6 | 0.4 to 7.1 | 0.511 |
| Endocrine | 2.1 | 1.4 to 3.0 | <0.001 | 1.3 | 0.9 to 1.8 | 0.235 | 1.7 | 1.2 to 2.4 | 0.003 |
| Mental | 0.8 | 0.5 to 1.1 | 0.182 | 0.6 | 0.4 to 1.0 | 0.034 | 1.8 | 1.1 to 2.7 | 0.013 |
| Nervous system | 2.0 | 1.4 to 2.7 | <0.001 | 2.2 | 1.6 to 3.1 | <0.001 | 4.8 | 3.7 to 6.3 | <0.001 |
| Circulatory | 0.9 | 0.7 to 1.1 | 0.373 | 1.0 | 0.8 to 1.3 | 0.957 | 0.9 | 0.8 to 1.2 | 0.557 |
| Respiratory | 2.6 | 2.1 to 3.2 | <0.001 | 2.5 | 2.1 to 3.2 | <0.001 | 1.9 | 1.5 to 2.6 | <0.001 |
| Digestive | 1.4 | 1.1 to 1.8 | 0.006 | 1.1 | 0.9 to 1.5 | 0.316 | 1.2 | 0.8 to 1.7 | 0.410 |
| Subcutaneous | 1.8 | 1.2 to 2.7 | 0.004 | 1.5 | 1.0 to 2.4 | 0.053 | 8.8 | 3.2 to 24.1 | <0.001 |
| Musculoskeletal | 0.7 | 0.5 to 1.1 | 0.118 | 0.7 | 0.5 to 1.2 | 0.201 | 0.6 | 0.1 to 2.5 | 0.491 |
| Genitourinary | 1.8 | 1.4 to 2.5 | <0.001 | 1.3 | 0.9 to 1.8 | 0.138 | 1.8 | 1.0 to 3.2 | 0.056 |
| Congenital | NE | 4.0 | 0.7 to 23.4 | 0.126 | 39.3 | 22.8 to 67.8 | <0.001 | ||
| Symptoms, signs | 1.4 | 1.1 to 1.7 | 0.004 | 1.1 | 0.9 to 1.4 | 0.450 | 0.7 | 0.3 to 1.6 | 0.431 |
| Injury, poisoning | 1.0 | 0.8 to 1.2 | 0.903 | 0.9 | 0.7 to 1.1 | 0.228 | 0.4 | 0.1 to 3.0 | 0.382 |
| External causes | NE | 0.4 | 0.3 to 0.5 | <0.001 | 0.2 | 0.1 to 0.3 | <0.001 | ||
| Health status factors | 1.2 | 0.9 to 1.5 | 0.201 | NE | NE | ||||
| Other † | 1.0 | 0.6 to 1.7 | 0.940 | 0.7 | 0.4 to 1.4 | 0.304 | NE | ||
| Not stated/missing | 0.6 | 0.4 to 0.9 | 0.013 | NE | NE | ||||
*Models for ED presentations and hospital admissions also adjusted for number of Elixhauser comorbid conditions.
†Includes conditions related to eye and adnexa, ear and mastoid processes, pregnancy and conditions arising in the perinatal period. All models adjusted for age, sex, Index of Relative Social Disadvantage, accessibility to services (Accessibility/Remoteness Index for Australia), partner, Australian born and indigenous status.
ED, emergency department; ICD-10-AM, International Classification of Diseases–Australian Modification; NE, not estimable due to insufficient cases.