Table 1A.

Goals (for the mother)

Domains	Intervention group	Control group
Weight goals	Prepartum Attain gestational weight gain according to the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council110 Postpartum Weight retention: return to pregravid weight (or 5% less if BMI≥25 kg) at 1 year postpartum79 180	Prepartum Standard advice to attain gestational weight gain according to the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council110
Diet	Prepartum and postpartum Carbohydrates Distribute carbohydrates over several meals and snacks.1 Limit the intake of free sugar to less than 10% of total energy intake avoiding added sugars and sugar naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices.181 Increase fibre intake to up to 30 g per day182 183 Lipids Limit total fat to less than 30%125 and saturated fat to less than 10% of total energy intake,126 Prioritise higher quality fats such as monounsaturated fat127 128 Reduce red or processed meat127 Mindful eating Improve eating regulation in developing an awareness of physical hunger and satiety cues, slowing down pace of eating and reduce emotional eating129–131 Regular eating Structure eating into 2–3 small- to moderate-sized meals and structured snacks if necessary; avoid snacking1	Prepartum Carbohydrates Distribute carbohydrates over several meals and snacks.1 Limit the intake of free sugar to less than 10% of total energy intake avoiding added sugars and sugars naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices.181 Increase fibre intake to up to 30 g per day182 183 Postpartum Provide general clinical advice on lifestyle measures1
Physical activity	Prepartum66 68 132: Type: combined aerobic and resistance physical activity. Frequency: 2 times per day; 7 days per week. Duration: at least 20 min per session. Intensity: moderate intensity (RPE=12–14 on Borg’s scale). Timing: 1 hour to 1 hour 30 min postprandial (to target postprandial glycaemia). Postpartum133: Type: combined aerobic and resistance physical activity without specific timing. Frequency and duration: 150 min per week of aerobic physical activity and at least 2x/week of resistance physical activity. Intensity: moderate intensity. Sedentary behaviour: break sedentary time with physical activity every hour134	Prepartum Provide usual recommendations of 30 min per day of moderate physical activity as recommended by the Endocrine Society Guidelines1 Postpartum Provide general clinical advice on lifestyle measures1
Mental health	Prepartum and postpartum Depression symptoms: Screening and treatment of moderate depressive symptoms EPDS at first antenatal visit, 6–8 weeks postpartum and 1 year postpartum. Based on the EPDS score a stepped care approach135 will be offered. The focus is on prevention and early intervention of depression symptoms, with facilitated self-help offered in case of mild symptoms, and individual sessions with a clinical psychologist integrated in the team in case of moderate to severe symptoms (EPDS=10+) General prevention and treatment elements for all136 Common elements are: (1) challenge most unhelpful negative cognitions, (2) schedule at least one pleasurable activity per day, (3) increase social contacts, (4) improve sleep routine, (5) identify most stressful situations and apply cognitive behavioural strategies to their management	Prepartum Depression symptoms: Screening and referral for moderate to severe depressive symptoms EPDS at first antenatal visit and 1 year postpartum. If EPDS=13+, referral to Psychiatry Liaison Service as for usual clinical practice135
Social support	Prepartum and postpartum139–141: Attain satisfactory social support on three levels Healthcare providers: ensure that all adequate perinatal support services have been proposed Peers: offer support by group sessions to initiate exchange and contact Partner: integrate the partner in the consultations, groups sessions and the personal established goals	No specific intervention