Table 5.

Estimated coefficients of the determinants of changes in waist circumference derived from the fixed-effects model

	Coefficient	95% CI	P value
Eating speed
Fast	Reference
Normal	−0.21	−0.30 to 0.12	<0.001
Slow	−0.41	−0.59 to 0.22	<0.001
Eating dinner within 2 hours before sleeping ≥3 times per week
Yes	Reference
No	−0.12	−0.20 to 0.04	0.003
Snacking after dinner ≥3 times per week
Yes	Reference
No	−0.2	−0.29 to 0.11	<0.001
Skipping breakfast ≥3 times per week
Yes	Reference
No	0.03	−0.11 to 0.16	0.674
Alcohol consumption
Every day	Reference
Occasionally	−0.34	−0.47 to 0.20	<0.001
Rarely or never	−0.47	−0.65 to 0.29	<0.001
Inadequate sleep
Yes	Reference
No	0.07	0.00 to 0.14	0.053
Habitual smoker
Yes	Reference
No	0.8	0.66 to 0.95	<0.001
Use of antidiabetic medication
No	Reference
Yes	−0.32	−0.41 to 0.23	<0.001
Age	0.27	0.24 to 0.30	<0.001
Waist circumference in the previous check-up	−0.11	−0.12 to 0.10	<0.001