Figure 5.
Structures of (a) GAL-1 (PDB code: 4Y24), (b) GAL-3 (5H9P), (c) GAL-7 (5H9Q) in complex with TD139 to display the ion-pair-π (a) or tandem arginine-π (b,c) interactions at subsite E. The salt bridges between Asp/Glu and Arg (in dotted lines) are essential for controlling the orientation of Asp and Arg involved in the aforementioned interactions.