ABC	ATP-binding cassette
ABNC	Active but nonculturable state
AgNPs	Silver nanoparticles
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
CM	Cytoplasmic membrane
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
GO	Graphene oxide
GSH	Glutathione
HME	Heavy-metal efflux
IM	Inner membrane
MATE	Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion
MBC	Minimal bactericidal concentration
MDR	Multidrug resistant
MFP	Periplasmic membrane fusion protein
MFS	Major facilitator superfamily
MIC	Minimal inhibitory concentration
MoA	Mode of antibacterial action of silver
MR-CNS	Methycilin-resistant coagulase-negative S. aureus
MRSA	Methicillin-resistant S. aureus
n/a	Not applicable
OM	Outer membrane
OMF	Outer membrane factor
OMP	Outer membrane protein
O2−•	Superoxide anion
OH•	Hydroxyl radical
PEG	Polyethylene glycol
RND	Resistance-nodulation-division
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SMR	Small multidrug resistance
TEM	Transmission electron microscopy