| SMC | Smooth muscle cell |
| ASC | Adipose tissue-derived stem cell |
| α-SMA | Alpha-smooth muscle actin |
| MHC | Myosin heavy chain |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| SVF | Stromal vascular fraction |
| FBS | Fetal bovine serum |
| SMC | Smooth muscle cell |
| TGF-β1 | Transforming growth factor beta 1 |
| BMP | Bone morphogenetic protein |
| BMP4 | Bone morphogenetic protein 4 |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| RT-PCR | Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| OD | Optical density |
| cDNA | Complementary DNA |
| SEM | Standard error of the mean |