Table 2.
Risk of bias assessment determined using the Cochrane risk of bias tool [68].
| Study | Selection Bias | Performance Bias | Detection Bias | Attrition Bias | Reporting Bias | Other Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allaire et al., 2016, 2017 [52,53], Vors et al., 2017 [54] | ||||||
| Grimsgaard et al., 1997, 1998 [49,55] | ||||||
| Mori et al., 1999, 2000a, 2000b, 2000c [50,56,57,58] 1, Mas et al., 2010 [59] 1 | ||||||
| Nestel et al., 2002 [60] 2 | ||||||
| Park & Harris 2002, 2003, 2004 [61,62,63] 1 | ||||||
| Woodman et al., 2002, 2003a, 2003b [64,65,66] 1, Mori et al., 2003 [67] 1, Mas et al., 2010 [59] 1 |
Key: green circle, low risk of bias; black circle, unclear risk of bias. 1 Information on the method of randomisation and the adequacy of blinding is missing for these studies. However, the performance and detection bias are judged to be low-risk, as the quantitative outcomes measured are unlikely to be affected by the knowledge of intervention allocation; 2 Information relating to the adequacy of blinding is missing for this study, however the performance and detection bias are judged to be low-risk, as the quantitative outcomes measured are unlikely to be affected by the knowledge of intervention allocation.