. 2018 Feb 14;19(2):574. doi: 10.3390/ijms19020574

Table 2.

Contact angle and surface energy of biopolymer films equilibrated at 5 °C and 75% relative humidity. Mean values and standard deviation.

Film	Contact Angle (°)		Total Energy (mJ·m⁻²)	Polar Component (mJ·m⁻²)	Dispersive Component (mJ·m⁻²)
Film	Diiodomethane	Glycerol	Total Energy (mJ·m⁻²)	Polar Component (mJ·m⁻²)	Dispersive Component (mJ·m⁻²)
HPMC	55 ± 2 ^a	83 ± 2 ^a	31.3	0.8	30.4
HPMC + microbeads	55 ± 2 ^a	87 ± 3 ^a	32.4	0	32.4
Starch	51 ± 3 ^a	83 ± 2 ^a	33.9	0.07	33.8
Starch + microbeads	66 ± 3 ^b	51 ± 2 ^b	39.1	21.7	17.3

^{a, b} Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences among formulations (p < 0.05).