Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and pulmonary function test parameters of the 40 COPD patients and 16 healthy non-smokers
| Healthy non-smokers N = 16 |
COPD patients at diagnosis N = 40 |
p value | COPD patients followed up after 1-year treatment N = 10 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 53.9 ± 12.2 | 63.4 ± 4.5 | 0.009 | 69.5 ± 9.5 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.38 ± 4.6 | 25 ± 4.2 | 0.775 | 24.6 ± 4.6 |
| Smoking exposure, pack-years | 0 | 64.4 ± 40.1 | < 0.001 | 65.5 ± 50.8 |
| Ex-smokers, n (%) | 21 (52.2) | 7 (70%) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1 (6.3) | 5 (12.8) | 0.478 | |
| Stroke, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (5.1) | 0.356 | |
| Chronic hepatitis, n (%) | 1 (6.3) | 5 (12.8) | 0.478 | |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 0 (0) | 5 (12.8) | 0.133 | |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 | |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 | |
| MMRC score | 0.38 ± 0.5 | 1.49 ± 0.99 | < 0.001 | 1.2 ± 0.79 |
| HbA1c | 5.8 ± 0.5 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 0.663 | 6.0 ± 0.8 |
| Triglyceride | 105.7 ± 60.4 | 119.7 ± 50.2 | 0.389 | 146.3 ± 82.7 |
| Cholesterol | 187.9 ± 44.4 | 185.7 ± 36.6 | 0.853 | 184.4 ± 38.5 |
| Pre-BD FEV1 %predicted, % | 113.18 ± 16.1 | 57.72 ± 24.56 | < 0.001 | 56.74 ± 12.96 |
| Pre-BD FEV1/FVC, % | 81.56 ± 5.4 | 54.44 ± 15.38 | < 0.001 | 55.03 ± 10.27 |
| Pre-BD FEF25-75%, %predicted | 109.6 ± 27.1 | 26.2 ± 20.4 | < 0.001 | 21.28 ± 9.63 |
| Post-BD FEV1, %predicted | N.A. | 61.68 ± 22.68 | 61.7 ± 13.28 | |
| Post-BD FEV1/FVC, % | N.A. | 57.1 ± 13.1 | 56.74 ± 11.27 | |
| Post-BD FEF25–75%, %predicted | N.A. | 28.8 ± 17.8 | 25.37 ± 11.14 |