Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population according to outcomes at 3 months
| All patients (n = 121) | mRS = 0–1 (n = 75) | mRS = 2–6 (n = 46) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 63.4 ± 11.3 | 63.2 ± 10.5 | 63.8 ± 12.6 | 0.769 |
| Sex, n(%) | 0.490 | |||
| Men | 85(70.2) | 51(68) | 34(73.9) | |
| Female | 36(29.8) | 24(32) | 12(26.1) | |
| Risk factor, n(%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 61(50.8) | 36(48.6) | 25(54.3) | 0.544 |
| Diabetes | 33(27.3) | 14(18.7) | 19(41.3) | 0.007 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 17(14) | 7(9.3) | 10(21.7) | 0.057 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 22(18.2) | 16(21.3) | 6(13) | 0.251 |
| Current smoking | 31(25.6) | 20(26.7) | 11(23.9) | 0.736 |
| Previous coronary artery disease | 14(11.6) | 10(13.3) | 4(8.7) | 0.564 |
| Previous stroke or TIA | 11(9.1) | 6(8.0) | 5(10.9) | 0.746 |
| NIHSS on admission, (med, IQR) | 4[3–5] | 4[2–4] | 4[3–5] | 0.003 |
| (mean ± SD) | 3.6 ± 1.2 | 3.4 ± 1.2 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | 0.004 |
| Onset to rt-PA time, (mean± SD) | 143.1 ± 61.4 | 141.6 ± 57.9 | 145.6 ± 67.2 | 0.728 |
| Blood glucose on admission, mg/dL | 143.4 ± 52.6 | 134.7 ± 44.9 | 157.6 ± 61.0 | 0.019 |
| Initial systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 145.6 ± 26.3 | 145.4 ± 27.9 | 145.8 ± 23.5 | 0.924 |
| Etiologic stroke subtypes, n(%) | 0.302 | |||
| Small vessel disease | 25(20.7) | 13(17.3) | 12(26.1) | 0.248 |
| Large artery disease | 36(29.8) | 22(29.3) | 14(30.4) | 0.298 |
| Cardiac embolism | 34(28.1) | 26(34.7) | 8(17.4) | 0.040 |
| Undetermined etiology | 26(21.5) | 14(18.7) | 12(26.1) | 0.335 |
| Lesions on pretreatment DWI, n(%) | 0.317 | |||
| Acute infarcts (+) | 110(91.7) | 67(89.3) | 43(95.6) | |
| No lesions | 10(8.3) | 8(10.7) | 2(4.4) | |
| Lesion patterns on DWI, n(%) | ||||
| Perforating artery infarcts | 27(22.3) | 12(16) | 15(32.6) | 0.033 |
| Pial infarcts | 51(42.1) | 40(53.3) | 11(23.9) | 0.001 |
| Borderzone infarcts | 6(5) | 5(6.7) | 1(2.2) | 0.406 |
| Territorial infarcts | 17(14) | 10(13.3) | 7(15.2) | 0.772 |
| Perforating artery infarcts plus | 20(16.5) | 8(10.7) | 12(26.1) | 0.027 |
| Deep MCA infarcts (PAI + PAI plus) | 47(38.8) | 20(26.7) | 27(58.7) | < 0.001 |
| Angiographic findings of relevant artery, n(%) | 0.383 | |||
| No stenosis or occlusion | 62(51.2) | 42(56) | 20(43.5) | |
| Stenosis (> 50%) | 19(15.7) | 10(13.3) | 9(19.6) | |
| Occlusion | 40(33.1) | 23(30.7) | 17(37) | |
| Steno-occlusive disease, n(%) | 59(48.8) | 33(44) | 26(56.5) | 0.181 |
| END, n(%) | 14(11.6) | 3(4) | 11(23.9) | 0.002 |
| Symptomatic ICH, n(%) | 2(1.7) | 1(1.3) | 1(2.2) | 1.000 |
TIA transient ischemic attack, DWI diffusion-weighted imaging, MCA middle cerebral artery, PAI perforating artery infarction, END early neurological deterioration, ICH intracranial hemorrhage