. 2018 Mar 15;18:93. doi: 10.1186/s12906-018-2159-z

Table 3.

Antimutagenicity testing of the pure compounds against the four S. typhimurium tester strains

Compound	*conc. (%)	TA97a (-S9)	TA98 (+S9)	TA100 (+S9)	TA102 (-S9)
L-arginine	5	43.0 ± 0.9^a	22.1 ± 8.4^a	48.6 ± 2.5^a	106.5 ± 1.0^a
	2.5	57.1 ± 2.0^b	67.4 ± 3.7^b	96.0 ± 1.1^b	116.1 ± 0.7^a
	1	84.1 ± 1.8^b	85.3 ± 3.6^b	124.1 ± 2.4^c	119.3 ± 0.6^a
L-canavanine	5	(−) 101.9 ± 3.7^a	25.1 ± 6.7^a	38.9 ± 1.5^a	101.1 ± 0.7^a
	2.5	(−) 120.6 ± 4.5^a	64.8 ± 5.0^b	56.7 ± 2.1^b	116.2 ± 0.4^a
	1	(−) 138.2 ± 4.1^a	80.1 ± 2.3^b	92.2 ± 1.7^c	125.9 ± 1.0^a
D-pinitol	5	31.2 ± 8.8^a	26.6 ± 7.3^a	36.1 ± 1.8^a	82.8 ± 3.5^a
	2.5	79.0 ± 6.8^b	48.8 ± 6.5^b	79.6 ± 1.8^b	109.5 ± 4.6^a
	1	143.5 ± 16.6^c	65.0 ± 10.3^b	117.2 ± 3.0^b	115.0 ± 5.3^a
GABA	5	58.8 ± 3.4^a	14.3 ± 7.9^a	32.9 ± 2.1^a	98.3 ± 1.0^a
	2.5	61.8 ± 2.5^a	45.8 ± 5.1^b	66.2 ± 2.5^b	113.1 ± 0.9^a
	1	61.4 ± 1.4^a	72.5 ± 3.0^b	105.4 ± 1.5^c	116.7 ± 0.4^a
Positive control	Revertant counts	9-AA	2-AAF	AFB₁	CHP
Positive control	Revertant counts	247 ± 3	358 ± 26	360 ± 3	681 ± 4

Inhibition expressed as mean % inhibition ± STD of the positive control. All three mean % inhibitions of the pure compounds where compare at similar dilutions. The mM concentrations of the pure compounds (5%) were as follows: L-arginine [0.28 × 10³ mM], L-canavanine [0.26x10³mM], D-pinitol [0.25 × 10³ mM] and GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) [0.48x10³mM]. *Note that GABA concentration is almost double that of the other three compounds. *This table also shows a dose-response increase of the antimutagenic activity of the compounds, where in most cases the highest concentration’s inhibition is more than double that of the lowest. The negative or minus (−) sign indicated co-mutagenicity of L-canavanine with 9-AA in the absence of S9 activation

Abbreviations: 9-AA 9-aminoacradine, 2-AAF 2-acetamidofluorene, AFB₁ aflatoxin B₁, CHP cumoyl hydroperoxide