VPA exposure impacted hatch rate, malformations, and mortality. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different doses of VPA (0 – 1500 μM) from 8-120 hpf. Representative malformation (SB = swim bladder, USB = uninflated swim bladder, PE = pericardial edema, YSE = yolk sac edema) images for the control, medium concentration (500 μM), and high concentration (1500 μM) are shown (a).The percent of malformations and mortality at 120 hpf are displayed (b). N = 60 (20 animals in triplicate). Values are plotted as mean ± SD. * P<0.05 and ** P<0.001 indicate significance compared to the vehicle control (0.1 % DMSO).