Table 4.

Results for child behavioural outcomes

Study, antidepressants studied	Child age at testing	Outcome	Effect ratio	95% CI	N	Adjustments/exclusions/stratification
El Marroun et al. (2012), SSRI	18 months, 3 and 6 years	1. Pervasive Developmental Problems	1.33	0.71, 2.50	445	c, d, e, h, i
Nulman et al. (2012), venlafaxine	3–7 years	2a. Abnormal Total Difficulties	1.34	0.36, 5.02	116	g
Nulman et al. (2012) SSRI			1.59	0.44, 5.76	116	g
Pedersen et al. (2013), AD	4–5 years	1a. Abnormal Total Difficulties	1.30	0.41, 4.11	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		1b. Abnormal Emotional subscale	1.60	0.48, 5.34	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		1c. Abnormal Conduct subscale	0.60	0.29, 1.25	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		1d. Abnormal Hyperactivity subscale	1.80	0.59, 5.50	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		1e. Abnormal Peer subscale	0.90	0.18, 4.41	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		1f. Abnormal Prosocial subscale	0.50	0.17, 1.46	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
			Effect size
Pedersen et al. (2013), AD	4–5 years	2a. Total Difficulties score	− 0.70	− 1.80, 0.40	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		2b. Emotional subscale score	− 0.30	− 0.70, 0.10	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		2c. Conduct subscale score	− 0.10	− 0.50, 0.30	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		2d. Hyperactivity subscale score	− 0.20	− 0.70, 0.40	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		2e. Peer subscale score	− 0.10	− 0.40, 0.20	225	c, d, e, f, g, h
		2f. Prosocial subscale score	0.10	− 0.40, 0.50	225	c, d, e, f, g, h

Estimates in bold are statistically significant. Effect ratio is on log odds scale. a. Maternal mental health pre-birth, b. maternal mental health at some point after delivery, c. maternal age, d. socio-economic status, e. smoking in pregnancy, f. alcohol in pregnancy, g. other psychoactive drug and/or medication use during pregnancy, h. sex of child, i. gestational age, j. age of child at testing, k. APGAR scores, l. breastfeeding, m. problems during pregnancy, n. mother-child connection, o. postnatal difficulties, p. ethnicity, q. exposure window

SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, AD antidepressants generally, CI confidence interval