Table 1.
Literature review of cases of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma with acantholysis
| First author (Year published) | Age/ gender | Smoking | Tumor site | Maximum size (mm) | Histology | ly/v | Metastasis | Stage at the initial diagnosis | Diagnostic modality and treatment | Prognosis(months) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acantholytic component (%) | Other tumor component (%) | ||||||||||
| Banerjee (1992) [12] | 63/M | NA | LL | NA | Pseudoangio–sarcomatous or pseudovascular(%, NA) | Solid sheets of cohesive, large, undifferentiated pleomorphic cells (%, NA) | NA/NA | No metastasis | NA | Biopsy, RT | Alive (1-year follow–up) |
| Nappi (1994) [13] | 47/M | Long–term cigarette smokers | RU | 50 | Small areas of SQCC (%, NA) | (−)/(−) | The opposite lung, liver, bones, and adrenal glands | Stage I | Lobectomy and RT | DOD (20 mo) | |
| 48/M | 45 | DOD (34 mo) | |||||||||
| 54/F | RU + RM | 70 | Stage III | Wedge biopsy and RT | DOD (5 mo) | ||||||
| Smith (1999) [14] | 66/M | NA | RU | 70 | NA | NA/NA | NA | NA | Core needle biopsy, neoadjuvant CRT, and surgery (no viable tumor cells) | Alive (a few mo after surgery) | |
| Kong (2011) [15] | 79/M | 1/2 pack per day for 60 years | LU | 50 | NA | Adrenal glands (1 mo after diagnosis) | Biopsy, supportive treatment | DOD (2 mo) | |||
| 76/M | 1/2 pack per day for 20 years | RU | 60 | Small nests of SQCC (%, NA) | Ribs, no LN metastasis | Lobectomy, lymphadenectomy, and CT | DOD (3 mo) | ||||
| Park (2016) and Choi (2016) [11] | 64/M, | 35 pack–year ex–smoker | LU | 29 | Acantholytic (> 99%) | Sheets of SQCC (< 1%) | NA | Lobectomy with mediastinal LN dissection | NA | ||
| Present case | 71/M | 2 packs per day for 43 years | 23 | Acantholytic (50%, the primary site; 60%, metastatic sites) | SQCC, por (50%, the primary site; 20%, metastatic sites), SQCC, well to mod (20%, metastatic sites) | (+++)/(+) | LN metastases (bilateral hilar, mediastinal, paraaortic regions) | More than Stage IIIB | None (best supportive care) | DOD (1 mo) |
|
Abbreviations: M, male; F, female; NA, not available; LL, left lower lobe; RU, right upper lobe; RM, right middle lobe; LU, left upper lobe; SQCC, squamous cell carcinoma; por, poorly differentiated; well, well differentiated; mod, moderately differentiated; ly/v, lymphatic and vascular invasion; (−), absent; (+), present; (+++), markedly present; mo, month or months; LN, lymph node; RT, radiotherapy; CRT, chemoradiotherapy; CT, chemotherapy; DOD, died of disease