Table 2.
Anthropometric parameters, blood glucose and serum lipid profiles of participants by quartiles (Q) of total phytosterols intake
| Quartiles based on total phytosterols intake | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P | |
| Overall, n | 228 | 228 | 228 | 228 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.85 ± 3.17 | 23.53 ± 3.44 | 23.05 ± 3.71* | 22.67 ± 2.76** | 0.001 |
| WC, cm | 80.31 ± 10.21 | 78.76 ± 8.74 | 78.45 ± 9.67* | 78.12 ± 7.91* | 0.044 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 119.51 ± 11.16 | 117.13 ± 12.42 | 116.45 ± 11.33 | 115.04 ± 10.14* | 0.034 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 78.74 ± 8.92 | 77.32 ± 8.41 | 76.72 ± 8.93 | 76.27 ± 7.22* | 0.046 |
| FBG, mmol/l | 4.71 ± 0.81 | 4.68 ± 0.73 | 4.59 ± 0.82 | 4.62 ± 0.78 | 0.282 |
| 2 h-PG, mmol/l | 6.42 ± 0.97 | 6.35 ± 0.81 | 6.33 ± 0.87 | 6.27 ± 0.96 | 0.361 |
| TG, mmol/l | 1.68 ± 1.24 | 1.73 ± 1.31 | 1.71 ± 1.28 | 1.75 ± 1.38 | 0.916 |
| TC, mmol/l | 5.25 ± 0.87 | 5.17 ± 0.78 | 5.09 ± 0.86 | 5.01 ± 0.90** | 0.004 |
| HDLc, mmol/l | 1.26 ± 0.33 | 1.25 ± 0.34 | 1.29 ± 0.29 | 1.25 ± 0.36 | 0.289 |
| LDLc, mmol/l | 2.55 ± 0.83 | 2.42 ± 0.86 | 2.39 ± 0.79 | 2.31 ± 0.90* | 0.042 |
| Men, n | 102 | 102 | 102 | 103 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.91 ± 3.09 | 23.77 ± 3.25 | 23.41 ± 3.36 | 22.75 ± 2.68* | 0.016 |
| WC, cm | 83.45 ± 9.26 | 81.19 ± 9.62 | 79.63 ± 9.18* | 78.58 ± 7.26* | 0.024 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 120.12 ± 12.01 | 118.03 ± 11.45 | 117.17 ± 11.45 | 115.03 ± 9.98* | 0.047 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 79.11 ± 7.92 | 78.23 ± 8.63 | 77.87 ± 8.95 | 77.03 ± 7.15* | 0.045 |
| FBG, mmol/l | 4.75 ± 0.86 | 4.81 ± 0.78 | 4.79 ± 0.81 | 4.72 ± 0.91 | 0.442 |
| 2 h-PG, mmol/l | 6.51 ± 0.92 | 6.66 ± 0.98 | 6.35 ± 0.78 | 6.24 ± 0.86 | 0.296 |
| TG, mmol/l | 1.79 ± 1.14 | 1.73 ± 1.21 | 1.78 ± 1.24 | 1.76 ± 1.41 | 0.855 |
| TC, mmol/l | 5.17 ± 0.91 | 5.06 ± 0.89 | 5.01 ± 0.81 | 4.95 ± 0.88* | 0.028 |
| HDLc, mmol/l | 1.27 ± 0.35 | 1.26 ± 0.38 | 1.24 ± 0.32 | 1.23 ± 0.37 | 0.354 |
| LDLc, mmol/l | 2.44 ± 0.86 | 2.31 ± 0.91 | 2.25 ± 0.77 | 2.19 ± 0.86* | 0.034 |
| Women, n | 125 | 126 | 126 | 126 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.72 ± 3.24 | 23.41 ± 3.31 | 22.78 ± 3.74* | 22.45 ± 2.66* | 0.021 |
| WC, cm | 76.02 ± 8.17 | 74.28 ± 8.21 | 73.20 ± 9.12* | 72.89 ± 7.31* | 0.047 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 118.23 ± 10.93 | 116.34 ± 12.78 | 114.96 ± 11.61 | 113.82 ± 10.21* | 0.038 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 77.71 ± 8.86 | 76.25 ± 8.52 | 75.12 ± 8.61 | 74.78 ± 7.31* | 0.032 |
| FBG, mmol/l | 4.68 ± 0.82 | 4.59 ± 0.71 | 4.41 ± 0.78 | 4.44 ± 0.98 | 0.341 |
| 2 h-PG, mmol/l | 6.31 ± 0.91 | 6.26 ± 0.95 | 6.31 ± 0.82 | 6.33 ± 0.91 | 0.458 |
| TG, mmol/l | 1.58 ± 1.31 | 1.72 ± 1.34 | 1.66 ± 1.22 | 1.74 ± 1.33 | 0.545 |
| TC, mmol/l | 5.34 ± 0.76 | 5.29 ± 0.76 | 5.18 ± 0.92 | 5.06 ± 0.93* | 0.013 |
| HDLc, mmol/l | 1.24 ± 0.32 | 1.24 ± 0.31 | 1.33 ± 0.29 | 1.27 ± 0.36 | 0.128 |
| LDLc, mmol/l | 2.67 ± 0.81 | 2.52 ± 0.83 | 2.46 ± 0.81 | 2.41 ± 0.85* | 0.044 |
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FBG fasting blood glucose, 2 h-PG 2 h-postprandial glucose, TG triglyceridel, TC total cholesterol, HDLc high destiny lipoprotein cholesterol, LDLc low destiny lipoprotein cholesterol
* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01 compared with the 1st quartile