Table 4.
Association between total phytosterols intake and prevalence of overweight/obesity
| Overall | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 |
| Participants, n | 228 | 228 | 228 | 228 |
| No. of cases, n | 100 | 90 | 82 | 74 |
| Intake, mg/d | 161.9 | 231.3 | 294 | 383 |
| Crude | 1 | 0.835 (0.575, 1.212) | 0.719 (0.493, 1.047) | 0.615 (0.420, 0.900)* |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.746 (0.496, 1.122) | 0.762 (0.504, 1.151) | 0.496 (0.324, 0.761)** |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.708 (0.462, 1.085) | 0.711 (0.445, 1.136) | 0.440 (0.254, 0.763)** |
| Men | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 |
| Participants, n | 102 | 102 | 102 | 103 |
| No. of cases, n | 49 | 44 | 34 | 32 |
| Intake, mg/d | 157.3 | 233 | 381.4 | 301 |
| Crude | 1 | 0.835 (0.480, 1.451) | 0.541 (0.307, 0.952)* | 0.481 (0.272, 0.850)* |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.752 (0.412, 1.373) | 0.552 (0.294, 1.035) | 0.509 (0.274, 0.946)* |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.778 (0.403, 1.501) | 0.559 (0.244, 1.183) | 0.487 (0.234, 0.918)* |
| Women | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 |
| Participants, n | 125 | 126 | 126 | 126 |
| No. of cases, n | 52 | 51 | 42 | 42 |
| Intake, mg/d | 165.6 | 229.3 | 287.6 | 384.2 |
| Crude | 0.955 (0.577, 1.579) | 0.702 (0.420, 1.173) | 0.702 (0.420, 1.173) | |
| Model 1 | 0.927 (0.527, 1.631) | 0.790 (0.441, 1.414) | 0.501 (0.275, 0.911)* | |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.758 (0.416, 1.380) | 0.537 (0.275, 1.048) | 0.277 (0.124, 0.619)** |
Model 1: adjusting for age, education, income, PAL, exercise status, smoking and drinking habits
Model 2: Model 1 + dietary carbohydrate, fat, protein, fiber and cholesterol intake were adjusted
* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01 compared with the 1st quartile