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. 2018 Mar 16;19:186. doi: 10.1186/s13063-018-2551-5

Table 2.

Primary and secondary endpoints

Measurement Site Time (months)
Primary endpoints
 Δ Bone mineral density DXA Total hip
Spinal region
12
Secondary endpoints
 Δ Bone mineral density DXA Total hip
Spinal region
6, 18, and 24
 Δ Bone microarchitecture HR-pQCT Distal radius
Distal tibia
6, 12, 18, and 24
 Δ Bone biomarkers P1NP
CTX, sclerostin
Serum 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24
 Δ Physical biomarkers TUG
SPPB
3, 6, 12, 18, and 24
Dynamometer Hand grip
Nottingham power rig Leg extensor
 Δ Quality of life EQ-5D 12 and 24
 Δ Fear of falling FES-I 12 and 24
 Physical activity IPAQ 0, 12, and 24
 Adherence to WBV Training logbook Continuously
 Falls Falls calendar Continuously

Δ change from baseline; Time is measured in months; DXA dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; HR-pQCT high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography; P1NP procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide; CTX carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen crosslinks; TUG Timed Up and Go; SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery; FES-I Falls Efficacy Scale International; IPAQ The International Physical Activity Questionnaire; EQ-5D EuroQoL 5-dimension, 5-level questionnaire, WBV whole-body vibration