Table 2.
Mean Scores for Measurements of Constructs including Dyspnea, Anxiety, Depression, Fatigue, and Physical Performance
| Total Sample(n = 282) | Severe COPD(n = 170) | Moderate COPD(n = 112) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dyspnea | ||||
| CRQ-D (5–35↑) | 23.83 ± 6.74 | 21.84 ± 6.46 | 26.84 ± 6.01 | < .001 |
| UCSD-SOB (0–120↓) | 42.86 ± 22.34 | 49.46 ± 21.43 | 32.85 ± 19.90 | < .001 |
| mMRC (0–4↓) | 1.94 ± 1.08 | 2.17 ± 1.07 | 1.60 ± 1.01 | < .001 |
| Anxiety | ||||
| HADS-A (0–21↓) | 5.05 ± 3.95 | 4.83 ± 3.74 | 5.38 ± 4.24 | .25 |
| SF36-MH1 (1–6↑) | 4.71± 1.37 | 4.76 ± 1.33 | 4.63 ± 1.43 | .43 |
| CRQ-EF4 (1–7↑) | 4.10 ± 1.71 | 4.09 ± 1.72 | 4.11 ± 1.71 | .93 |
| CRQ-EF7 (1–7↑) | 4.84 ± 1.52 | 4.84 ± 1.55 | 4.82 ± 1.48 | .89 |
| Depression | ||||
| HADS-D (0–21↓) | 4.23 ± 4.13 | 4.28 ± 3.93 | 4.15 ± 4.43 | .81 |
| PHQ-9 (0–27↓) | 6.16 ± 4.75 | 6.09 ± 4.73 | 6.28 ± 4.81 | .75 |
| Fatigue | ||||
| SF36-V (0–100↑) | 46.6 ± 12.39 | 46.35 ± 12.51 | 47.05 ± 12.26 | .64 |
| CRQ-F (7–28↑) | 15.80 ± 4.88 | 15.72 ± 4.82 | 15.92 ± 4.98 | .73 |
| Physical Performance | ||||
| 6MWT (feet) | 1091 ± 372 | 1012 ± 376 | 1211 ± 334 | < .001 |
| Daily Total Steps | 6002 ± 3343 | 5461 ± 3145 | 6823 ± 3479 | < .001 |
| SF36-RP (0–100↑) | 29.17 ± 36.93 | 25.44 ± 35.20 | 34.82 ± 38.90 | .04 |
| SF36-PF (0–100↑) | 39.38 ± 22.52 | 33.76 ± 20.36 | 47.90 ± 23.05 | < .001 |
Note. ↑ means higher score indicating less symptom or better functioning. ↓ means higher score indicating higher symptom or worse functioning.
CRQ-D = Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire - Dyspnea subscale; UCSD-SOB = University of California, San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire; mMRC = the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea score; HADS-A = the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Anxiety; SF36-MH1 = the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 - Mental Health subscale question 1; CRQ-EF4 = Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire - Emotional Function subscale question 4; CRQ-EF7 = Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire - Emotional Function subscale question 7; HADS-D = the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Depression; PHQ-9 = the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; SF36-V = the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 - Vitality subscale; CRQ-F = Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire - Fatigue subscale; 6MWT = the six minute walk test; SF36-RP = the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 - Role Physical subscale; SF36-PF = the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 - Physical Functioning subscale.