Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the subjects (Mean values and standard deviations; number of subjects and percentages)
| IECR (n 37) |
IECR + PF (n 38) |
DER (n 40) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
|
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| n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Age at start (years) | ||||||
| Mean | 45·6 | 48·6 | 47·9 | |||
| sd | 8·3 | 7·3 | 7·7 | |||
| Baseline BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
| Mean | 29·6 | 31·0 | 32·2 | |||
| sd | 4·1 | 5·7 | 5·6 | |||
| Breast cancer risk (%)* | 27 | 9 | 27 | 9 | 27 | 10 |
| Social circumstances | ||||||
| Married or cohabiting | 26 | 72·2 | 32 | 88·9 | 32 | 82·1 |
| Children living at home | 26 | 70·3 | 24 | 66·7 | 30 | 76·9 |
| Employment | ||||||
| Full time | 29 | 78·4 | 20 | 52·6 | 25 | 62·5 |
| Part time | 4 | 10·8 | 11 | 28·9 | 7 | 17·5 |
| Retired or unemployed | 4 | 10·8 | 7 | 18·4 | 8 | 20·0 |
| Current smoker | 4 | 11·1 | 3 | 7·9 | 4 | 10·0 |
| Medication | ||||||
| Anti-inflammatories | 2 | 5·4 | 0 | 0·0 | 4 | 10 |
| Statins | 1 | 2·7 | 1 | 2·6 | 3 | 7·5 |
| CVD medication | 4 | 10·8 | 5 | 13·2 | 4 | 10·0 |
| Antidepressants | 3 | 8·1 | 3 | 7·9 | 7 | 17·5 |
| Thyroxin | 1 | 2·7 | 1 | 2·6 | 2 | 5·0 |
| Contraceptives | 6 | 16·2 | 3 | 7·9 | 2 | 5·0 |
| HRT | 5 | 13·5 | 3 | 7·9 | 5 | 12·5 |
| Menopausal status | ||||||
| Pre | 18 | 50·0 | 16 | 47·1 | 18 | 47·4 |
| Peri | 3 | 8·3 | 3 | 8·8 | 3 | 7·9 |
| Post | 15 | 41·7 | 15 | 44·1 | 17 | 44·7 |
IECR, intermittent energy and carbohydrate restriction; IECR + PF, IECR + ad libitum protein and fat; DER, daily energy restriction; HRT, hormone replacement therapy.
*
Lifetime risk; Tyrer–Cuzick model(24).