Table 1.

Demographic and clinical information.

	Controls (n = 58)	Cocaine users (n = 59)	p Value
Age	30.5 ± 8.1	31.4 ± 7.6	n.s.
IQ	104.7 ± 9.0	100.2 ± 8.4	0.01
Childhood trauma—total score	33.5 ± 7.5	42 ± 14
Childhood trauma—number of maltreatment categories			<0.001
0 maltreatment categories	77.6% (n = 45)	37.3% (n = 22)
1 maltreatment categories	10.3% (n = 6)	33.9% (n = 20)
2 maltreatment categories	12.1% (n = 7)	13.6% (n = 8)
3 maltreatment categories	0%	11.9% (n = 7)
4 maltreatment categories	0%	0%
5 maltreatment categories	0%	3.4% (n = 2)
Childhood trauma—types maltreatment (moderate/severe)
Emotional abuse	3.4% (n = 2)	16.9% (n = 10)	0.029
Physical abuse	1.7% (n = 1)	5.1% (n = 3)	n.s.
Sexual abuse	1.7% (n = 1)	13.6% (n = 8)	0.017
Emotional neglect	13.8% (n = 8)	35.6% (n = 21)	0.006
Physical neglect	13.8% (n = 8)	42.4 (n = 25)	0.001
State anxiety (total score)	28 ± 8	35 ± 16	<0.001
State anxiety (prevalence of clinically significant symptoms)	10.3% (n = 6)	34% (n = 20)
Lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorder	1.7% (n = 1)	6.8% (n = 4)
Beck Depression Inventory	2.75 ± 3.45	10.62 ± 6.97	<0.001
Lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder	6.8% (n = 4)	34.4% (n = 20)	<0.001
Weekly alcohol intake	3 ± 5.5	20 ± 22.5
Lifetime alcohol abuse or dependence (DSM-IV)	0%	32.2% (n = 19)
Cocaine use—g/month	–	7.33 ± 6.08
Cocaine use—days/month	–	8.50 ± 5.67
Cocaine use—duration (years)	–	6.00 ± 12.00
Cocaine use—age of onset	–	19.00 ± 4.00
Cocaine use severity	–	18.4 ± 5.83
Lifetime cocaine abuse or dependence (DSM-IV)	–	93% (n = 56)
Desire for cocaine use questionnaire
Desire	–	2 ± 2
Negative reinforcement	–	2.5 ± 2
(Loss of) control	–	3.80 ± 1.51
Weekly cannabis use	–	38.9% (n = 23)
Lifetime cannabis abuse or dependence (DSM-IV)	–	28.8% (n = 17)
MDMA use in the last 6 months	–	49.1% (n = 29)
Lifetime MDMA/XTC abuse or dependence (DSM-IV)	–	8.5% (n = 5)