Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of cases of hip fracture and controls

	Cases (n = 81,342)		Controls (n = 81,342)
Characteristics	N	%	n	%	p value
Women	55,776	68.6	55,776	68.6	1
Mean age in years (SD)	78.6	(12.0)	78.6	(12.0)	0.99
Age group
18–49 years	2237	2.8	2240	2.8	0.99
50–59 years	3791	4.7	3794	4.7	0.99
60–69 years	8565	10.5	8578	10.6	0.91
70–79 years	21,513	26.5	21,545	26.5	0.86
80+ years	45,236	55.6	45,185	55.6	0.8
History of comorbidities
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	7986	9.8	5293	6.5	< 0.001
Fracture (prior to 1996)	21,653	26.6	8672	10.7	< 0.001
Rheumatoid arthritis	2318	2.9	1452	1.8	< 0.001
Inflammatory bowel disease	1998	2.5	1405	1.7	< 0.001
Secondary osteoporosisa	6189	7.6	3951	4.9	< 0.001
Drug use 6 months before index date
Bisphosphonates	2868	3.5	1917	2.4	< 0.001
Vitamin D	156	0.2	122	0.2	< 0.05
Calcium	1718	2.1	1109	1.4	< 0.001
Raloxifene	104	0.1	62	0.1	< 0.01
Strontium ranelate	37	0.1	19	0.0	0.01
Denosumab	8	0.0	–	–	–
Parathyroid hormone	30	0.0	20	0.0	0.16
Hormone replacement therapy	4306	5.3	5875	7.2	< 0.001
Inhaled corticosteroids	2948	3.6	2625	3.2	< 0.001
Inhaled bronchodilators	7020	8.6	5436	6.7	< 0.001
Antipsychotics	7552	9.3	3496	4.3	< 0.001
Antidepressants	18,138	22.3	8783	10.8	< 0.001
Hypnotics/anxiolytics	13,053	16.1	8734	10.7	< 0.001
Anticonvulsants	3660	4.5	1539	1.9	< 0.001
Anti-Parkinsonian drugs	2124	2.6	841	1.0	< 0.001

Comorbidities: any diagnoses code (ICD-8 or ICD-10) recorded prior to the index date. Drug use: any drug prescription within 6 months prior to the index date. Cells < 6 are not reported

SD standard deviation

^aSecondary osteoporosis defined as a diagnosis of diabetes type 1, hypogonadism, or premature menopause