Table 2.
Group comparison of performance on SIMBAC modules and summary scores for no impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia groups
| SIMBAC module/parameter | Clinical groups |
Unadjusted test P value | Adjusted test∗ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No impairment, N = 81 | Mild cognitive impairment, N = 52 | Dementia, N = 28 | |||
| Practice | |||||
| Successful completion, frequency (%) | 81 (100) | 52 (100) | 28 (100) | NA | NA |
| FACES | |||||
| Errorless performance, frequency (%) | 68 (84) | 29 (56)† | 10 (36)‡ | <.0001 | χ(2) = 14.1, P = .0008 |
| Time to complete (seconds), mean (SD) | 113.4 (15.7) | 115.9 (19.6) | 141.4 (42.2)‡,§ | <.0001 | F(2,156) = 10.4, P < .0001 |
| FACES & NAMES | |||||
| Errorless performance, frequency (%) | 18 (22) | 4 (8) | 0 (0)‡ | .0029 | χ(2) = 6.9, P = .03 |
| Time to complete (seconds), mean (SD) | 145.4 (10.3) | 151.9 (16.1)† | 158.0 (15.1)‡ | <.0001 | F(2,156) = 2.7, P = .07 |
| PILLBOX | |||||
| Errorless performance, frequency (%) | 57 (70) | 15 (29)† | 2 (7)‡ | <.0001 | χ(2) = 23.9, P < .0001 |
| Time to complete (seconds), mean (SD) | 125.8 (40.5) | 170.1 (81.6)† | 192.9 (106.6)‡ | <.0001 | F(2,156) = 3.2, P = .04 |
| ATM | |||||
| Errorless performance, frequency (%) | 65 (80) | 29 (56)† | 2 (7)‡,§ | <.0001 | χ(2) = 29.9, P < .0001 |
| Time to complete (seconds), mean (SD) | 87.4 (25.5) | 111.8 (40.1)† | 137.4 (58.3)‡,§ | <.0001 | F(2,156) = 8.9, P = .0002 |
| PHONE | |||||
| Errorless performance, frequency (%) | 76 (94) | 40 (77)† | 9 (32)‡,§ | <.0001 | χ(2) = 25.2, P < .0001 |
| Time to complete (seconds), mean (SD) | 106.1 (28.0) | 121.0 (40.9) | 128.6 (83.5) | .045 | F(2,156) = 0.3, P = .78 |
| Total accuracy, mean (SD) | 8.5 (1.1) | 6.9 (1.7)† | 5.0 (1.5)‡,§ | <.0001 | F(2,156) = 43.3, P < .0001 |
| Total time, mean (SD) | 578.0 (85.6) | 670.7 (130.3)† | 758.3 (224.3)‡,§ | <.0001 | F(2,156) = 6.78, P = .00015 |
Abbreviations: ATM, automated teller machine; SIMBAC, SIMulation-Based Assessment of Cognition; MCI, mild cognitive impairment.
NOTE. Pairwise comparison used Tukey method (continuous) and Bonferroni adjustment (categorical). TA range = 0–10; TT range: 0 to infinity.
∗
Adjusted for age and education; for pairwise comparisons.
†
Indicates P < .05 significance between MCI and no impairment groups.
‡
Indicates P < .05 significance between dementia and no impairment groups.
§
Indicates P < .05 significance between dementia and MCI groups.