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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 19.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2017 May 25;356(6344):eaal3222. doi: 10.1126/science.aal3222

Figure 1. Human microglia transcriptomes.

Figure 1

(A) Heat map of mRNA expression values determined in microglia isolated from 19 individuals and in cortex from 5 of these individuals. 881 genes exhibiting > 10-fold higher average expression in microglia compared to cortex are indicated at the top of the heat map. (B) Individual variation in gene expression of the 30 most highly expressed genes in human microglia. (C) Enrichment of the 881 microglia-enriched genes upregulated in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in centrum semiovale (CS) (48), upregulated in schizophrenia (SCZ) in the anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC) (49), positively correlated with Braak stage of AD in PFC (50), upregulated or downregulated in PD in cortex (51), upregulated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) in frontal cortex (52), or upregulated in AD in the CA1 region of the brain (53). (D) Pie chart depicting the relative expression of genes associated with AD risk variants in brain cortex and microglia. (E) Combined bar graphs and dot plots of the TPM expression levels of the 21 most highly expressed genes associated with AD risk variants in microglia and cortex. Red stars indicate significant differential expression (> 2-fold, FDR 0.05).