Figure 2.

Convergent functional alterations associated with cannabis use. Across studies, cannabis use was associated with differential regional alterations. Specifically, convergent decreases in activity among users were observed in two clusters, one encompassing the cingulate gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, and medial frontal gyrus (Cluster 1 (ACC), blue), and a second encompassing the middle frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus (Cluster 2 (DL-PFC), blue). Conversely, convergent increases in activity among users were observed in a single cluster encompassing the caudate, claustrum, putamen, and extending into the insula (Cluster 3 (Striatum), red). ALE maps were computed in Talairach space and thresholded (p_{cluster-corrected} < 0.01; p_voxel-level < 0.001). Labels and numbering correspond with those in Table 2.

ACC: anterior cingulate cortex; ALE: activation likelihood estimation; DL-PFC: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.