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. 2018 Mar 19;8:4853. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23258-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Histopathological features by Mason’s trichrome stain of renal and testicular tissues of the NC (a & d), PC (b & e), and P-VD (c & f) groups (40× objective, scale bar = 8 µm; green star = interstitial necrosis; green arrow head = collagen type I deposition in glomerulus; yellow arrow head = hyaline droplets; ST = seminiferous tubule; black arrow = Sertoli cell; black arrow head = Leydig cell and yellow arrow = spermatogonia). Cellular DNA damage was detected by TUNEL assay (Green fluorescent dye) in kidney and testis from the NC (a & g), PC (b & h), and P-VD (c & i) groups (40× objective; scale bar = 10 µm; positive nuclei are stained in green). Additionally, the renal fibrosis index (m) and renal and testicular apoptosis/necrosis index (n) are shown as bar graphs for the study groups. (a = P < 0.05 compared with NC group and b = P < 0.05 compared with PC group).