Table 3.

Estimated pool prevalence (EPP) of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism in children and adult by WHO regions.

Astigmatism	Astigmatism	Hyperopia	Myopia
	%EPP(95%CI); weight	%EPP(95%CI); weight	%EPP(95%CI); weight
Children
Africa	14.2 (9.9–18.5); 10.33	3.0 (1.8–4.3); 10.57	6.2 (4.8–7.6); 16.48
Americas	27.2 (26–28.4); 2.11	14.3 (13.4–15.2); 4.14	8.4 (4.9–12); 6.09
South-East Asia	9.8 (6.3–13.2); 16.47	2.2 (1.2–3.3); 20.89	4.9 (1.6–8.1); 8.52
Europe	12.9 (4.1–21.8); 6	9 (4.3–13.7); 1.04	14.3 (10.5–18.2); 16.04
Eastern Mediterranean	20.4 (14.5–26.3); 29.11	6.8 (4.9–8.6); 30.75	9.2 (8.1–10.4); 26.69
Western Pacific	12.1 (8.4–15.8); 35.98	3.1 (1.9–4.3); 32.59	18.2 (10.9–25.5); 26.18
All	14.9 (12.7–17.1); 100	4.6 (3.9–5.2); 100	11.7 (10.5–13.0); 100
Adult
Africa	11.4 (2.1–20.7); 8.85	38.6 (22.4–54.8); 6.54	16.2 (15.6–16.8); 2.01
Americas	45.6 (44.1–47.1); 2.95	37.2 (25.3–49); 13.05	22 (16.4–27.7); 7.98
South-East Asia	44.8 (36.6–53.1); 17.58	28 (23.4–32.7); 21.79	32.9 (25.1–40.7); 18.02
Europe	39.7 (34.5–44.9); 8.82	23.1 (6.1–40.2); 4.36	27 (22.4–31.6); 29.99
Eastern Mediterranean	41.9 (33.6–50.2); 29.39	33 (26.9–39); 19.54	24.1 (14.2–34); 13.98
Western Pacific	44.2 (30.6–57.7); 32.41	28.5 (20.1–37); 34.73	25 (20–30.1); 28.01
All	40.4 (34.3–46.6); 100	30.9 (26.2–35.6); 100	26.5 (23.4–29.6); 100

EPP: Estimated pool prevalence.

CI: Confidence interval.