Table 1.
Characteristics of healthy volunteers and HCM patients.
| Healthy volunteers (n = 38) | HCM patients (n = 85) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 47 ± 15 | 45 ± 14 | 0.54 |
| Male | 25 (66) | 58 (68) | 0.84 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24 ± 4 | 26 ± 4 | 0.06 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 117 ± 14 | 118 ± 14 | 0.76 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 70 ± 10 | 72 ± 12 | 0.33 |
| CMR DIMENSIONS AND FUNCTION | |||
| LV end-diastolic volume, ml | 155 ± 35 | 154 ± 33 | 0.88 |
| LV end-systolic volume, ml | 50 ± 17 | 41 ± 16 | 0.007 |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 68 ± 5 | 74 ± 7 | 0.00003 |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 54 ± 11 | 72 ± 25 | 0.00002 |
| Maximal LV wall thickness, mm | 11 ± 1 | 20 ± 6 | 2 × 10−14 |
| Left atrial diameter, mm | 33 ± 7 | 39 ± 7 | 0.00004 |
| ECG FEATURES | |||
| Heart rate, bpm | 58 ± 11 | 58 ± 10 | 0.81 |
| QRS axis, ° | 40 ± 34 | 13 ± 43 | 0.0007 |
| QRS duration, ms | 91 ± 9 | 98 ± 15 | 0.02 |
| R wave amplitude | 683 ± 200 | 764 ± 341 | 0.46 |
| QRS amplitude, mV | 1441 ± 414 | 1825 ± 652 | 0.002 |
| QRS ascending slope | 74 ± 22 | 89 ± 32 | 0.025 |
| QRS descending slope | −118 ± 51 | −150 ± 57 | 0.001 |
| Pathological Q wave | 0 | 20 (23) | 0.0004 |
| T wave axis, ° | 34 ± 17 | 69 ± 54 | 0.0001 |
| Abnormal T wave axis | 0 | 28 (35) | 9 × 10−6 |
| T wave amplitude, mV | 356 ± 141 | 170 ± 257 | 0.0001 |
| T wave inversion | 0 | 26 (30) | 0.00002 |
| Giant T wave inversion | 0 | 6 (7) | 0.18 |
| T peak to T end interval, ms | 81 ± 14 | 85 ± 18 | 0.16 |
| ST segment displacement, mV | 42 ± 45 | 26 ± 49 | 0.14 |
| QTc interval, ms | 411 ± 17 | 440 ± 27 | 8 × 10−8 |
| JTc interval, ms | 300 ± 43 | 354 ± 99 | 0.00003 |
Mean ± standard deviation, or number of participants (%). BP, blood pressure; CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance; LV, left ventricular. Bold values mean p-value significant (p < 0.05).