Fig. 1.

The role of dietary patterns on microbiota composition and immune system function. Dysbiosis induces cytokines production and NF-kB-mediated local inflammation, promoting tumorigenesis. In the left part of the figure are shown the main mechanisms of interaction between a healthy diet, a balanced gut bacterial flora and the immune system. In the right part are shown alterations of the immune system, intestinal barrier and pathological pathways due to an unhealthy diet and unbalanced gut microbiota