TABLE VIII.

Selected Methods for EHR Data Mining

Method	Advantages	Limitations
Logistic regression, cox regression, local regression (LOESS)* [133]	Simple to implement and interpret; direct estimates of relevant hazards for Cox regression	Sensitive to outliers
Logistic regression with LASSO regularization [134]	Reduces feature space	Prone to overfitting
Hidden Markov models [135]	Simultaneous detection, segmentation, and classification in a waveform	Sensitive to the design of the Markov model being trained
Conditional random fields [136]	Supports temporal analysis; resistant to differences in class prevalence	Sensitive to regularization and feature space size
Relational subgroup discovery, episode rule mining, windowing* [137]	Valid sequential techniques for some clinical applications	Tradeoffs between simplicity, complexity, and temporal resolution
Rule mining, Allen’s interval algebra, directed acyclic graph* [138]	Temporal mining/modeling capabilities	Requires specific experimental design

^*Highly impactful method with more than 50,000 relevant papers.