Table 2.
Physical and mental health status of children and adolescents aged 0-17 years by survey design and data collection mode (prevalence rates).
| Physical and mental health status | Survey designa | Data collection modea | |||||||||||||||||||
| Single-mode design | Sequential MMb design | Concurrent MMb design | Preselect MMb design | SAQ-Webc (crude) | SAQ-paperd (crude) | SAQ-Webc (adjustede) |
SAQ-paperd (adjustede) | ||||||||||||||
| n (%) | n (%) | Pf | n (%) | Pf | n (%) | Pf | n (%) | n (%) | P | n (%) | n (%) | P | |||||||||
|
General health status |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Self-rated health (very good, good)g | 964 (97.6) | 848 (97.1) | .46 | 942 (97.3) | .71 | 693 (97.3) | .65 | 708 (97.0) | 2739 (97.41) | .60 | 708 (96.7) | 2739 (97.48) | .31 | ||||||||
| Self-rated health (very good, good)h | 338 (90.2) | 267 (92.1) | .41 | 286 (87.1) | .22 | 290 (92.8) | .26 | 299 (90.6) | 881 (90.5) | .93 | 299 (90.1) | 881 (90.6) | .81 | ||||||||
| Chronic disease (yes)g | 962 (10.2) | 849 (10.7) | .71 | 941 (7.4) | .03e | 691 (9.6) | .67 | 708 (10.2) | 2735 (9.25) | .47 | 708 (10.5) | 2735 (9.18) | .31 | ||||||||
| Impairment owing to health problems (yes)g | 956 (3.2) | 851 (4.0) | .39 | 937 (3.4) | .83 | 692 (3.6) | .69 | 708 (4.1) | 2728 (3.41) | .40 | 708 (4.5) | 2728 (3.36) | .19 | ||||||||
| Allergies | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Bronchial asthma (lifetime diagnosis)g | 951 (4.5) | 838 (6.1) | .14 | 928 (4.6) | .91 | 675 (5.2) | .54 | 701 (4.6) | 2691 (5.20) | .48 | 701 (5.0) | 2691 (5.10) | .91 | ||||||||
| Neurodermatitis (lifetime diagnosis)g | 951 (15.0) | 839 (16.0) | .59 | 927 (13.8) | .45 | 678 (17.4) | .20 | 704 (17.0) | 2691 (14.98) | .19 | 704 (17.5) | 2691 (14.95) | .12 | ||||||||
| Hay fever (lifetime diagnosis)g | 955 (11.2) | 831 (11.2) | .99 | 931 (10.7) | .75 | 680 (11.5) | .87 | 702 (11.3) | 2695 (11.09) | .91 | 702 (12.0) | 2695 (10.96) | .50 | ||||||||
| Chronic pain | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Headache (recurrent during the last 3 months)h | 331 (35.6) | 260 (37.7) | .61 | 274 (33.9) | .66 | 282 (31.2) | .24 | 299 (32.1) | 847 (35.4) | .30 | 299 (33.8) | 847 (34.8) | .77 | ||||||||
| Dorsal pain (recurrent during the last 3 months)h | 321 (25.9) | 257 (23.0) | .42 | 265 (24.2) | .64 | 276 (27.5) | .64 | 298 (22.5) | 820 (26.2) | .19 | 298 (23.6) | 820 (25.8) | .45 | ||||||||
| Any pain (recurrent during the last 3 months)h | 343 (84.3) | 265 (83.0) | .68 | 288 (81.9) | .44 | 291 (81.1) | .30 | 294 (82.3) | 892 (82.7) | .87 | 294 (82.6) | 892 (82.6) | .99 | ||||||||
| Mental health problems | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (lifetime diagnosis)g | 824 (5.1) | 716 (4.1) | .33 | 794 (5.0) | .96 | 593 (3.2) | .07 | 595 (3.5) | 2332 (4.67) | .19 | 595 (3.9) | 2332 (4.56) | .45 | ||||||||
| At risk for emotional and behavioral symptomsg | 788 (13.6) | 695 (15.5) | .29 | 754 (13.7) | .96 | 577 (12.7) | .62 | 598 (13.0) | 2216 (14.12) | .49 | 598 (13.9) | 2216 (13.89) | .97 | ||||||||
| At risk for emotional and behavioral symptomsh | 331 (9.7) | 255 (12.2) | .34 | 278 (14.0) | .10 | 283 (14.1) | .09 | 293 (13.7) | 853 (12.0) | .46 | 293 (13.) | 853 (11.9) | .41 | ||||||||
| At risk for impairment following psychosocial problemsg | 820 (18.5) | 719 (17.4) | .56 | 789 (17.2) | .50 | 592 (16.6) | .33 | 600 (16.3) | 2320 (17.80) | .39 | 600 (17.5) | 2320 (17.48) | .99 | ||||||||
| At risk for impairment following psychosocial problemsh | 339 (16.5) | 263 (19.0) | .43 | 286 (16.4) | .98 | 288 (18.1) | .61 | 298 (19.8) | 877 (16.5) | .21 | 298 (19.5) | 877 (16.6) | .30 | ||||||||
| Obesity | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Obesity of children (aged 0-10 years)g | 401 (2.7) | 407 (2.7) | .97 | 423 (2.4) | .73 | 302 (4.0) | .38 | 370 (1.9) | 1163 (3.18) | .14 | 370 (2.7) | 1163 (3.49) | .46 | ||||||||
| Obesity of adolescents (aged 11-17 years)h | 330 (5.2) | 260 (4.6) | .76 | 275 (4.4) | .65 | 275 (3.6) | .36 | 291 (3.4) | 848 (4.8) | .28 | 291 (4.1) | 848 (4.6) | .78 | ||||||||
aSample sizes are shown in Table 1.
bMM: mixed-mode.
cSAQ-Web: self-administered Web-based questionnaire.
dSAQ-paper: self-administered paper-based questionnaire.
eAdjusted for age of the child (adolescent, parent); sex of the child (adolescent); relationship to the child (parent); household income (adolescent, parent); parental education (adolescent, parent); adolescent education (adolescent); region (adolescent, parent); municipality size (adolescent, parent); and parental marital status (parent).
fTested against single-mode control group.
gProxy-reported by parents of children and adolescents aged 0-17 years.
hSelf-reported by adolescents aged 11-17 years.