Table 1.
Background characteristics and current cognitive functioning of participants by level of health literacy (n = 988)
| Health literacy | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High (81.8%) | Low (18.2%) | Total | p | |
| Age (years) | 64.9 | 66.8 | 65.3 | .015 |
| Male (%) | 47.4 | 45.0 | 47.0 | .56 |
| (Very) low-educated (%) | 26.3 | 54.3 | 31.5 | <.001a |
| Cognitive functioning (z-scores) | ||||
| Memory | 0.09 | −0.38 | 0.00 | <.001 |
| Information processing speed | 0.09 | −0.39 | 0.00 | <.001 |
| Mental flexibility | 0.10 | −0.47 | 0.00 | <.001 |
| Global cognitive functioning | 0.10 | −0.39 | 0.01 | <.001 |
p-values are based on chi-square tests and independent samples t-tests. Percentages of missing data were low (all percentages< 3.2%)
ap-value is based on five levels of education