Table 4.

Molecular signaling pathways altered in HCC

S. No.	Altered signaling pathways	Relevant molecule	Alteration	Targeted therapies	References
1	Hedgehog	SMO	Activating overexpression	GDC-0449, cyclopomine	2006 [110]
7	Hippo	MST1/2	Down-regulated	–	2009 [111]
8	Hippo	pYAP	Down-regulated	–	2009 [111]
3	Notch	NOTCH1	Overexpression	Gamma secretase	2009 [112]
2	Wnt/beta-catenin	APC	Inactivating mutation	–	2012 [113]
6	PI3K/AKT/mTOR	MTORC1	Up-regulated	Everolimus, rapamycin	2012 [114]