| Digital Elevation Model of Europe (EU-DEM) |
Year 2000, 25 m×25m resolution. The EU-DEM dataset is based on satellite-based SRTM and ASTER GDEM data, which have been fused by a weighted averaging approach. Being a product of interpolation, the vertical resolution of the EU-DEM is variable and given as float numbers in meters. |
13 |
| EEA coastline for analysis |
Year 2013 (updated 2015), coastline for geographical Europe, derived from two sources: EU-Hydro and GSHHG. The criteria for defining the coastline is the line separating water from land. |
14 |
| CORINE Land Cover (CLC) |
Year 2012, 100 m× 100 m resolution. The CLC datasets map homogeneous landscape patterns, i. e. more than 75% of the pattern has the characteristics of a given land-cover class. The class nomenclature is a 3-level hierarchical classification system. In its detailed version it accounts for 44 classes, 8 of which are considered in the derivation of the city clusters according to the UMZ definition22. |
16 |
| Land Use and Coverage Area frame Survey (LUCAS) |
Year 2015, harmonized and comparable statistics on land use and land cover for Europe. LUCAS provides statistical data derived from ground surveys carried out in situ, i. e. observations are made and registered in the field all over the EU. Eurostat carried out the latest LUCAS survey between March and October 2015, visiting a total of 273 401 points. LUCAS defines land use in 14 main categories, 6 of which can be mapped to the CLC classes considered in the UMZ definition22 for the derivation of city clusters (cf. Table 2) |
17 |
| Relative damage functions for land-use classes |
Year 2004 (updated 2017), land-use-specific damage functions in EU member states. The study comprised a literature review (including questionnaires to the authors), an economical characterization of the countries, and a harmonization procedure which includes the elaboration of maximum damage values for all land-use classes and countries. |
18,19 |
