Table 1.
Reliable change scores used for the NAB and WMS-IV
| Subtest and index names | SD1 | SD2 | r12 | SEM1 | SEM2 | SEdiff | Mean PE |
90%CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Declined | Improved | ||||||||
| NAB | |||||||||
| Memory Index | 13.8 | 14.2 | 0.67 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 11.4 | 5.6 | −14 | +25 |
| List Learning List A Immediate Recall | 9.0 | 9.4 | 0.34 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 10.6 | 1.9 | −16 | +20 |
| List Learning List B Immediate Recall | 10.1 | 10.1 | 0.40 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 11.1 | −1.5 | −20 | +17 |
| List Learning List A Short Delayed Recall | 9.3 | 9.8 | 0.41 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 10.4 | 1.3 | −16 | +19 |
| List Learning List A Long Delayed Recall | 9.5 | 8.7 | 0.39 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 10.1 | 2.8 | −14 | +20 |
| Shape Learning Immediate Recognition | 10.2 | 11.4 | 0.43 | 7.7 | 8.6 | 11.5 | 3.7 | −16 | +23 |
| Shape Learning Delayed Recognition | 10.1 | 11.2 | 0.40 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 11.7 | 2.0 | −18 | +22 |
| Story Learning Immediate Recall | 9.8 | 8.5 | 0.58 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 8.4 | 2.3 | −12 | +17 |
| Story Learning Delayed Recall | 9.0 | 8.9 | 0.57 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 8.3 | 2.3 | −12 | +16 |
| Daily Living Memory Immediate Recall | 10.0 | 9.2 | 0.49 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 9.7 | 4.8 | −12 | +21 |
| Daily Living Memory Delayed Recall | 10.8 | 10 | 0.53 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 10.1 | 1.4 | −16 | +18 |
| WMS-IV, 16–69 year battery | |||||||||
| Logical Memory I | 2.9 | 2.6 | 0.72 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 | −2 | +6 |
| Logical Memory II | 2.8 | 2.9 | 0.67 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 2.3 | −2 | +7 |
| Verbal Paired Associates I | 3.1 | 3.4 | 0.76 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 2.3 | −2 | +6 |
| Verbal Paired Associates II | 3.0 | 2.7 | 0.76 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 1.0 | −3 | +5 |
| Verbal Paired Associates II Word Recall | 2.9 | 3.2 | 0.74 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 0.9 | −3 | +5 |
| Designs I | 2.9 | 3.4 | 0.73 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.1 | −3 | +5 |
| Designs II | 2.7 | 3.2 | 0.72 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 1.7 | −2 | +6 |
| Visual Reproduction I | 2.8 | 2.8 | 0.62 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 1.9 | −3 | +6 |
| Visual Reproduction II | 2.8 | 3.0 | 0.59 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 2.8 | −2 | +8 |
| Spatial Addition | 2.8 | 3.0 | 0.74 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 0.8 | −3 | +5 |
| Symbol Span | 3.0 | 3.1 | 0.72 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 0.6 | −4 | +5 |
| Auditory Memory Index | 14.1 | 14.4 | 0.81 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 8.8 | 11.5 | −3 | +26 |
| Visual Memory Index | 14.8 | 16.6 | 0.8 | 6.6 | 7.4 | 9.9 | 12.1 | −5 | +29 |
| Visual Working Memory Index | 14.4 | 15.6 | 0.82 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 9.0 | 4.3 | −11 | +20 |
| Immediate Memory Index | 14.9 | 15.6 | 0.81 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 9.4 | 12.4 | −3 | +28 |
| Delayed Memory Index | 13.9 | 15 | 0.79 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 9.4 | 13.7 | −2 | +30 |
| WMS-IV, 65–90 year battery | |||||||||
| Logical Memory I | 2.9 | 3.3 | 0.77 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.0 | −2 | +6 |
| Logical Memory II | 2.7 | 2.8 | 0.71 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | −2 | +6 |
| Verbal Paired Associates I | 2.8 | 2.9 | 0.76 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.7 | −2 | +5 |
| Verbal Paired Associates II | 2.7 | 2.7 | 0.77 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.1 | −2 | +5 |
| Verbal Paired Associates II Word Recall | 2.8 | 2.7 | 0.72 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 1.2 | −3 | +5 |
| Visual Reproduction I | 3.1 | 3.1 | 0.79 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.8 | −2 | +6 |
| Visual Reproduction II | 2.8 | 3.1 | 0.64 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.8 | −3 | +6 |
| Symbol Span | 2.8 | 3.0 | 0.69 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 0.6 | −4 | +5 |
| Auditory Memory Index | 12.9 | 14.5 | 0.82 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 8.2 | 10.6 | −3 | +25 |
| Visual Memory Index | 14.6 | 17.0 | 0.79 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 10.3 | 11.0 | −6 | +28 |
| Immediate Memory Index | 13.9 | 14.2 | 0.84 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 7.9 | 12.4 | −1 | +26 |
| Delayed Memory Index | 13.1 | 14.4 | 0.80 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 8.7 | 11.0 | −4 | +26 |
Notes: SD = standard deviation; r12 = retest correlation; SEM = standard error of measurement; PE = practice effect (mean Time 2−mean Time 1); NAB = Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (Stern and White, 2003); WMS-IV = Wechsler Memory Scale, Fourth Edition (Wechsler, 2009).
NAB: Reproduced by special permission of the Publisher, Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. 16204 North Florida Avenue, Lutz, Florida 33549, from the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery by Robert A. Stern, Ph.D., and Travis White, Ph.D., Copyright 2001, 2003 by PAR, Inc. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission from PAR, Inc.
WMS-IV: Standardization data from the Wechsler Memory Scale, Fourth Edition (WMS-IV). Copyright © 2009 NCS Pearson, Inc. Used with permission. All rights reserved.