Figure 1.

Conserved transcriptional response to adversity gene expression in 120 older adults as a function of high/middle versus low socioeconomic status (SES), Health and Retirement Study, United States, 2002–2010. Plotted data are residualized on age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, prevalent disease (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cancer), smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, and 8 mRNA indicators of leukocyte subset prevalence. Data represent raw contrast values (log2 RNA expression units) (A) and rank-transformed contrast values (to address outliers) (B).