Table 2.
Association of Selected Risk Factors With 4 Different Definitions of Diastolic Dysfunction (Multivariate Modela) in the CARDIA Study (Year 25 Visit), 2010–2011
| Risk Factor | Definition of DD | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASE 1b (n = 53 With DD; n = 1,968 Without DD) | ASE 2b (n = 1,034 With DD; n = 1,968 Without DD) | VALIDD Trial (n = 810 With DD; n = 2,505 Without DD) | (Modified) Redfieldb (n = 748 With DD; n = 1,304 Without DD) | |||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Age ≥50 years vs. <50 years | 2.9 | 1.5, 5.5 | 2.0 | 1.7, 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.4, 2.0 | 1.3 | 1.0, 1.5 |
| Male sex vs. female sex | 1.4 | 0.8, 2.6 | 1.4 | 1.2, 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.8, 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.6, 0.8 |
| African-American race vs. white race | 5.2 | 2.5, 10.8 | 1.5 | 1.2, 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.3, 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.3, 1.9 |
| BMIc ≥30 vs. BMI <30 | 1.1 | 0.6, 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.4, 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.3, 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.0, 1.6 |
| Prevalent diabetes (yes vs. no) | 1.9 | 1.0, 3.8 | 1.8 | 1.5, 2.3 | 1.5 | 1.2, 1.8 | 2.1 | 1.6, 2.7 |
| Prevalent hypertension (yes vs. no) | 5.5 | 2.9, 10.6 | 2.1 | 1.8, 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.1, 3.0 | 1.6 | 1.3, 2.0 |
Abbreviations: ASE, American Society for Echocardiography; BMI, body mass index; CARDIA, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; CI, confidence interval; DD, diastolic dysfunction; OR, odds ratio; VALIDD, Valsartan in Diastolic Dysfunction.
a The multivariate model included dichotomous variables for all risk factors listed in the table.
b Individuals found to be indeterminate for DD by this definition were excluded from analysis.
c Weight (kg)/height (m)2.