Table 1.

Selected Characteristics of African-American Women Included in the Study, African American Cancer Epidemiology Study, 2010–2014

Characteristic	Cases (n = 415)			Controls (n = 629)			P Valuea
	No. of Participants	%	Mean (SD)	No. of Participants	%	Mean (SD)
Age group, yearsb
20–39	19	4.6		71	11.3		<0.001
40–49	69	16.6		105	16.7
50–59	150	36.1		237	37.7
60–69	114	27.5		160	25.4
70–79	63	15.2		56	8.9
State of residenceb
Michigan or Illinois	40	9.6		93	14.8		0.03
Ohio	31	7.5		60	9.5
New Jersey	36	8.7		49	7.8
North Carolina	67	16.1		100	15.9
South Carolina	56	13.5		51	8.1
Georgia	73	17.6		130	20.7
Tennessee or Alabama	45	10.8		64	10.2
Louisiana	32	7.7		44	7.0
Texas	35	8.4		38	6.0
Education
High school or less	180	44.3		232	36.9		0.05
Some post-high school training	131	32.3		229	36.4
College or graduate degree	95	23.4		168	26.7
Parity
0	81	19.5		83	13.2		0.02
1–2	179	43.1		283	44.9
>2	155	37.4		263	42.0
Oral contraceptive use
Never	120	28.9		123	19.6		0.002
<60 months	167	40.2		284	45.2
≥60 months	128	30.8		222	35.3
Postmenopausal	304	73.3		436	69.3		0.17
Ever use of hormone replacement therapyc	79	26.3		100	23.0		0.32
Tubal ligation	139	33.5		256	40.7		0.02
Family history of breast/ovarian cancer  (first-degree relative)
No	297	73.2		494	78.5		0.007
Yes	109	26.9		115	18.3
Unknown	9	2.2		20	3.2
Body mass indexd			33.3 (9.0)			32.2 (8.2)	0.03
Total energy intake, kcal			1,783.3 (1,214.4)			1,744.5 (1,127.8)	0.60
Healthy Eating Index–2005, score			61.0 (10.3)			60.9 (10.7)	0.93
Healthy Eating Index–2010, score			61.0 (11.1)			61.7 (11.2)	0.34
Alternate Healthy Eating Index–2010, score			51.7 (10.3)			53.1 (11.1)	0.04

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

^a Student's t test for continuous variables and χ² tests for categorical variables.

^b This study was designed to frequency match controls to cases by 5-year age category and state of residence. The differences in age and state of residence between cases and controls may, in part, be because this is an ongoing study that is still enrolling participants.

^c Restricted to postmenopausal women.

^d Body mass index was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)², from measurements 1 year before diagnosis (cases) or reference date (controls).