Table 2.
Odds Ratios for Ovarian Cancer by Quartiles of Dietary Quality Indices Among All Participants and According to Menopausal Status, African American Cancer Epidemiology Study, 2010–2014a,b
| Quartile and Menopausal Statusc | No. of Cases | No. of Controls | Age- and Region-Adjusted | Multivariate-Adjustedd | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |||
| Healthy Eating Index–2005 | ||||||
| All women | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 103 | 158 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 102 | 158 | 0.90 | 0.63, 1.28 | 0.87 | 0.60, 1.26 |
| Quartile 3 | 115 | 157 | 1.00 | 0.70, 1.42 | 1.03 | 0.70, 1.50 |
| Quartile 4 | 95 | 156 | 0.82 | 0.57, 1.18 | 0.83 | 0.56, 1.23 |
| P for trend | 0.39 | 0.52 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 0.95 | 0.84, 1.08 | 0.97 | 0.84, 1.11 | ||
| Premenopausal | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 34 | 65 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 27 | 47 | 1.00 | 0.52, 1.94 | 1.11 | 0.53, 2.32 |
| Quartile 3 | 22 | 47 | 0.73 | 0.37, 1.46 | 0.68 | 0.31, 1.50 |
| Quartile 4 | 28 | 34 | 1.46 | 0.74, 2.88 | 1.24 | 0.55, 2.78 |
| P for trend | 0.51 | 0.93 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 1.11 | 0.88, 1.39 | 1.04 | 0.80, 1.36 | ||
| Postmenopausal | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 69 | 93 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 75 | 111 | 0.85 | 0.55, 1.31 | 0.81 | 0.52, 1.28 |
| Quartile 3 | 93 | 110 | 1.04 | 0.68, 1.60 | 1.07 | 0.68, 1.68 |
| Quartile 4 | 67 | 122 | 0.66 | 0.43, 1.03 | 0.68 | 0.43, 1.10 |
| P for trend | 0.14 | 0.24 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 0.89 | 0.77, 1.03 | 0.91 | 0.77, 1.07 | ||
| Healthy Eating Index–2010 | ||||||
| All women | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 112 | 159 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 110 | 158 | 0.88 | 0.62, 1.25 | 0.86 | 0.60, 1.25 |
| Quartile 3 | 99 | 158 | 0.79 | 0.55, 1.13 | 0.81 | 0.55, 1.19 |
| Quartile 4 | 94 | 154 | 0.74 | 0.51, 1.07 | 0.74 | 0.50, 1.11 |
| P for trend | 0.09 | 0.14 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 0.90 | 0.80, 1.01 | 0.90 | 0.79, 1.02 | ||
| Premenopausal | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 36 | 68 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 25 | 44 | 0.95 | 0.49, 1.84 | 1.00 | 0.49, 2.05 |
| Quartile 3 | 22 | 52 | 0.69 | 0.35, 1.35 | 0.65 | 0.30, 1.42 |
| Quartile 4 | 28 | 29 | 1.57 | 0.79, 3.16 | 1.24 | 0.54, 2.82 |
| P for trend | 0.45 | 0.94 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 1.07 | 0.87, 1.32 | 0.99 | 0.77, 1.28 | ||
| Postmenopausal | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 76 | 91 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 85 | 114 | 0.83 | 0.54, 1.26 | 0.80 | 0.51, 1.23 |
| Quartile 3 | 77 | 106 | 0.78 | 0.51, 1.21 | 0.82 | 0.51, 1.30 |
| Quartile 4 | 66 | 125 | 0.56 | 0.36, 0.87 | 0.57 | 0.36, 0.92 |
| P for trend | 0.01 | 0.03 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 0.82 | 0.71, 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.71, 0.97 | ||
| Alternate Healthy Eating Index–2010 | ||||||
| All women | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 122 | 159 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 98 | 159 | 0.79 | 0.56, 1.12 | 0.83 | 0.57, 1.19 |
| Quartile 3 | 109 | 155 | 0.83 | 0.59, 1.84 | 0.83 | 0.57, 1.19 |
| Quartile 4 | 86 | 156 | 0.66 | 0.46, 0.95 | 0.66 | 0.45, 0.98 |
| P for trend | 0.04 | 0.05 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 0.85 | 0.76, 0.96 | 0.84 | 0.73, 0.95 | ||
| Premenopausal | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 29 | 65 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 35 | 51 | 1.43 | 0.75, 2.70 | 1.69 | 0.82, 3.47 |
| Quartile 3 | 22 | 44 | 1.09 | 0.54, 2.18 | 1.00 | 0.46, 2.18 |
| Quartile 4 | 25 | 33 | 1.52 | 0.75, 3.09 | 0.94 | 0.40, 2.21 |
| P for trend | 0.35 | 0.63 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 1.11 | 0.89, 1.38 | 0.94 | 0.72, 1.21 | ||
| Postmenopausal | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 93 | 94 | 1 | Referent | 1 | Referent |
| Quartile 2 | 63 | 108 | 0.59 | 0.38, 0.90 | 0.60 | 0.39, 1.93 |
| Quartile 3 | 87 | 111 | 0.73 | 0.49, 1.10 | 0.76 | 0.49, 1.16 |
| Quartile 4 | 61 | 123 | 0.48 | 0.31, 0.73 | 0.49 | 0.31, 0.78 |
| P for trend | 0.003 | 0.01 | ||||
| Per 10-point increase | 0.75 | 0.65, 0.87 | 0.75 | 0.64, 0.88 | ||
Abbreviations: AHEI, Alternate Healthy Eating Index; CI, confidence interval; HEI, Healthy Eating Index; OR, odds ratio.
aP for interaction = 0.09, 0.056, and 0.059 for menopausal status with quartiles of HEI-2005, HEI-2010, and AHEI-2010, respectively.
bP for trend was tested by treating the median value of each quartile as a continuous variable in the corresponding logistic regression model.
c Median score and range from quartile 1 to quartile 4 of HEI-2005: 47.8 (range, 33.3–53.4), 57.6 (range, 53.5–61.0), 64.8 (range, 61.1–69.0), and 73.5 (range, 69.1–88.2); quartile 1 to quartile 4 of HEI-2010: 48.4 (range, 29.8–53.9), 58.4 (range, 54.0–61.9), 65.5 (range, 62.0–69.8), and 75.4 (range, 69.9–91.9); and quartile 1 to quartile 4 of AHEI-2010: 41.4 (range, 27.3–45.4), 49.1 (range, 45.5–51.9), 55.2 (range, 52.0–59.8), and 67.9 (range, 59.9–86.8).
d Multivariate-adjusted model included age, region, education, parity, oral contraceptive use, menopause status, tubal ligation status, first-degree family history of breast/ovarian cancer, body mass index, physical activity, and total energy intake.