Table 1.
Participant demographic and clinical data
| Original sample | Replication sample | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=27 | N=31 | Statistica | p-value | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 31.5 (10.3) | 36.9 (12.5) | t = −1.79 | 0.08 |
| Gender (% female) | 13/27 (48%) | 11/31 (35%) | χ2 = 0.95 | 0.33 |
| Race (%) | χ2 = 3.63 | 0.31 | ||
| Black | 17/27 (63%) | 26/31 (84%) | ||
| White | 6/27 (22%) | 3/31 (10%) | ||
| Mixed | 3/27 (11%) | 1/31 (3%) | ||
| Other | 1/27 (4%) | 1/31 (3%) | ||
| Education level (%) | χ2 = 3.26 | 0.52 | ||
| Master’s degree | 1/27 (4%) | 2/31 (6%) | ||
| Bachelor’s degree | 2/27 (7%) | 4/31 (13%) | ||
| Associate’s, some college | 15/27 (56%) | 10/31 (32%) | ||
| High school degree | 7/27 (26%) | 12/31 (39%) | ||
| Some high school | 2/27 (7%) | 3/31 (10%) | ||
| Type of trauma (%) | χ2 = 5.56 | 0.59 | ||
| Non-sexual assault | 1/27 (4%) | 1/31 (3%) | ||
| Motor vehicle collision | 19/27 (70%) | 19/31 (61%) | ||
| Motor cycle collision | 0/27 (0%) | 1/31 (3%) | ||
| Pedestrian vs. auto | 3/27 (11%) | 4/31 (13%) | ||
| Gunshot wound | 0/27 (0%) | 1/31 (3%) | ||
| Industrial/home accident | 0/27 (0%) | 3/31 (10%) | ||
| Bicycle accident | 2/27 (7%) | 1/31 (3%) | ||
| Sexual assault | 2/27 (7%) | 1/31 (3%) | ||
| Pain after trauma (0–10), mean (SD) | 5.12 (2.8) | 6.00 (2.5) | t = −1.23 | 0.23 |
| Patient-rated trauma severity (0–5), mean (SD) | 3.8 (1.1) | 4.2 (0.9) | t = −1.53 | 0.13 |
| Clinician-rated trauma severity (0–5), mean (SD) | 2.5 (0.8) | 2.6 (0.7) | t = −0.85 | 0.40 |
| Social support, mean (SD) | 2.8 (0.6) | 2.7 (0.6) | t =0.46 | 0.65 |
| Childhood trauma (CTQ),b mean (SD) | 37.8 (12.7) | 37.0 (14.3) | t =0.20 | 0.84 |
| Received treatment (%) | 7/27 (26%) | 4/31 (13%) | χ 2 = 1.59 | 0.21 |
| Days between trauma and scan, mean (SD) | 54.0 (14.3) | 53.9 (13.8) | t = 0.04 | 0.97 |
| Depression symptoms (BDI)c in the ED, mean (SD) | 8.6 (9.3) | 11.6 (11.6) | t = −1.07 | 0.29 |
| PTSD symptoms (PDS)d in the ED, mean (SD) | 4.6 (7.7) | 7.3 (7.4) | t = −1.29 | 0.20 |
| Meet DSM-IV criteria (%) | 2/27 (7%) | 3/31 (10%) | ||
| PTSD symptoms (PSS)e at 1-month, mean (SD) | 16.9 (12.8) | 15.0 (11.0) | t = 0.61 | 0.55 |
| Meet DSM-IV criteria (%) | 11/27 (41%) | 11/31 (35%) | ||
| PTSD symptoms (PSS)e at 3-months, mean (SD) | 12.7 (11.8) | 9.1 (8.5) | t =1.18 | 0.24 |
| Meet DSM-IV criteria (%) | 6/23 (26%) | 6/24 (25%) | ||
| PTSD symptoms (PSS)e at 6-months (mean, SD) | 10.0 (12.2) | 8.5 (8.3) | t = 0.46 | 0.65 |
| Meet DSM-IV criteria (%) | 5/20 (25%) | 4/21 (19%) | ||
| Percentage correct Go trials (mean, SD)) | 97.4% (4.8) | 98.2% (4.2) | t = 0.49 | 0.50 |
| Percentage correct NoGo trials (mean, SD) | 97.4% (4.8) | 99.4% (1.4) | t = −2.06 | 0.05 |
a
Statistical tests were performed to compare the 2 samples; Independent samples t-tests were conducted to compare means, and χ2tests were performed to compare proportions.
b
CTQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; (32)
c
BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; (31)
d
PDS, Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale; (30)
e
PSS, Modified PTSD Symptom Scale.(33)