Primary human monocytes were isolated from blood of healthy human donors at baseline and 1 hour and 24 hours after alcohol consumption, following which the cells were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS. Levels of (A) IFNβ, (B) RANTES and (C) IP-10 mRNA after 2 hours of LPS stimulation were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Fold change in expression of genes was calculated with respect to baseline. (D) Secreted RANTES protein after overnight (18–22 hours) LPS stimulation was analyzed by ELISA. Data summarize mean ± SD of 6–9 independent experiments and statistical analysis was performed by one way ANOVA with Dunnett’s test for multiple comparisons. (ns p>0.05, * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, ****p=0.0001)