Table 1. Patient characteristics and treatment outcomes.
| Number | Diagnosis | Status at diagnosis | Treatment and follow-up | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age/sex | Underlying disease | HoT | EF (%) | LVID z score | Valve regurgitation | Medications | Arrhythmia duration (days) | Treatment duration (years) | Follow-up duration (years) | Treatment result | ||
| Infantile onset | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 0 months/M | None | Normal | Normal | 2.74 | None | BB, DGX, STL | 56 | 1.8 | 5.2 | Off | |
| 2 | 0 months/F | None | Normal | Normal | 0.17 | None | BB, DGX, STL | 86 | 0.5 | 1.1 | Off | |
| 3 | 0 months/M | None | Normal | Normal | −0.20 | None | BB, DGX, STL | 70 | 1.0 | 6.5 | Off | |
| 4 | 1 month/M | None | Normal | Normal | −0.43 | Mild TR | BB, DGX, STL | 189 | 2.0 | 10.2 | Off | |
| 5 | 1 month/M | None | Normal | Normal | NA | Mild MR | DGX, STL | 74 | 0.3 | 8.8 | Off | |
| 6 | 2 months/M | None | Normal | 48 | 1.27 | Mild TR | BB, DGX, STL | 78 | 1.2 | 1.6 | Off | |
| 7 | 2 months/F | None | Yes | 40 | 0.49 | Mild MR and mild TR | AMO, DGX | 50 | 0.4 | 0.4 | Off | |
| 8 | 2 months/M | None | Yes | Normal | 0.1 | None | AMO, BB | 186 | 1.1 | 1.2 | Off | |
| 9 | 2 months/F | None | Normal | 46 | −0.52 | None | BB | 51 | 1.3 | 3.2 | Off | |
| 10 | 2 months/F | None | Normal | 46 | 1.70 | Severe MR | AMO, BB, DGX | 70 | 0.4 | 2.9 | Off | |
| 11 | 3 months/M | None | Normal | 35 | NA | Not available | BB, DGX | 38 | NA | 0.8 | NA | |
| 12 | 0 months/F | Costello syndrome, pleural effusion | Yes | Normal | −2.65 | Mild MR and mild TR | AMO, BB, DGX | 680 | 1.5 | 3.5 | Off | |
| 13 | 0 months/M | Pericardial effusion, PDA, ASD | Normal | Normal | NA | None | BB, DGX | 46 | 0.9 | 9.4 | Off | |
| 14 | 0 months/F | Noonan syndrome, HCMP, valvular PS | Yes | Normal | −0.37 | None | None | 354 | Not treated | 3.7 | Off | |
| 15 | 0 months/M | Suspicious Noonan syndrome, HCMP | Normal | Normal | −1.24 | None | None | 495 | Not treated | 1.4 | Off | |
| 16 | 0 months/M | ASD | Yes | Normal | −0.91 | None | AMO, BB, DGX | 82 | 0.3 | 0.2 | Off | |
| 17 | 0 months/M | Costello syndrome with HCMP, HPS | Yes | Normal | −3 | None | AMO, BB, DGX | NN | 0.6 | 0.2 | Death | |
| 18 | 1 month/M | Tracheo-esophageal fistula | Normal | Normal | 0.8 | None | BB | 60 | 0.6 | 12.2 | Off | |
| 19 | 1 month/M | Cryptorchidism | Normal | Normal | 2.14 | None | BB | 95 | 0.6 | 2.2 | Off | |
| 20 | 1 month/M | DMD, chylothorax, ASD and PS, syndactyly | Normal | Normal | −0.74 | None | AMO, BB, DGX, STL | NN | 0.3 | 0.3 | Death | |
| 21 | 1 month/F | HCMP, chylothorax, laryngomalacia, suspicious RASopathy | Normal | Normal | −3.42 | None | AMO, DGX, BB | 209 | 1.4 | 0.6 | On | |
| 22 | 1 month/F | Suspicious Costello syndrome, HCMP, ASD, BPD, preterm, pneumothorax, dysmorphic face | Yes | Normal | NA | Severe MR and moderate TR | AMO, BB, DGX, FLC | NN | 0.2 | 0.2 | Death | |
| 23 | 2 months/M | VSD | NA | Normal | 3.04 | Mild MR | AMO, BB | 112 | 0.8 | 4.3 | Off | |
| 24 | 2 months/F | CoA, VSD, ASD, Hypothyroidism | Normal | Normal | 1.42 | None | AMO, BB, DGX | 438 | 1.6 | 2.3 | Off | |
| 25 | 3 months/M | ASD, preterm, PVL, RDS | Normal | Normal | −3.9 | None | BB, DGX | NN | NA | 1.9 | NA | |
| 26 | 4 months/F | ASD | Normal | 30 | 1.69 | Mild MR and mild TR | AMO, DGX | 123 | 1.2 | 2.1 | Off | |
| 27 | 6 months/M | Congenital MR | Yes | 44 | 3.37 | Severe MR and mild TR | AMO, DGX | 501 | 2.0 | 2.0 | Off | |
| Non-infantile onset | ||||||||||||
| 28 | 17 months/F | ASD, AVRT | Normal | Normal | −2.52 | Mild MR and moderate TR | BB, DGX | 335 | 0.8 | 8.3 | Off | |
| 29 | 2 years/M | Catecholaminergic polymorphic VT | Normal | Normal | −0.23 | None | AMO, BB, CCB, DGX, STL, FLC | 6,625 | 20.3 | 19.3 | On | |
| 30 | 6 years/M | Catecholaminergic polymorphic VT | Normal | Normal | 0.60 | None | BB, CCB, FLC | NN | 6.7 | 5.7 | On | |
| 31 | 7 years/F | Rhabdomyosarcoma, tumor lysis syndrome | Normal | 41 | −3.67 | None | BB, DGX | 16 | 0.2 | 1.2 | Death | |
| 32 | 12 years/F | AVRT | Normal | Normal | 0.05 | None | AMO, BB, CCB | 71 | 0.6 | 3.1 | Off | |
| 33 | 14 years/F | None | Normal | Normal | −0.3 | None | BB, FLC | NN | 4.4 | 3.7 | On | |
AMO = amiodarone; ASD = atrial septal defect; AVRT = atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia; BB = β-blockers; BPD = bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CCB = calcium channel blockers; CoA = coarctation of the aorta; DGX = digoxin; DMD = Duchenne muscular dystrophy; EF = ejection fraction; F = female; FLC = flecainide; HCMP = hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; HPS = hypertrophic pyloric stenosis; HoT = hypotension; LVID = left ventricular internal diameter; M = male; MR = mitral regurgitation; NA = not accessible; NN = not normalized; Off = off therapy; On = on medication; PDA = patent ductus arteriosus; PS = pulmonary stenosis; PVL = periventricular leukomalacia; RDS = respiratory distress syndrome; STL = sotalol; TR = tricuspid regurgitation; VSD = ventricular septal defect.