Table 2.
Comparison of DENV-3 strains utilized in the AG129 mouse model.
| D83-144 | C0360/94 | |
|---|---|---|
| Isolation | Thai human infection 1983 | Thai human infection 1994 |
| In vitro Vero titer (f.f.u.) | 105 | 105 |
| In vitro C6/36 titer (f.f.u.) | 106 | 106 |
| Morbidity | weight loss, then recovery | hunching, decreased mobility, weight loss |
| Neurological disease | None | None |
| Mortality | No | Yes |
| Viremia (f.f.u.) | 104.5 | 10 6 |
| Liver viral titer (f.f.u.) | 105 | 105.5 |
| Spleen viral titer (f.f.u.) | 105.5 | 106.5 |
| Intestine viral titer (f.f.u.) | 104 | 105 |
| Liver histopathology | Nuclear pleomorphism, binucleation, hepatocyte vacuolation, viral replication in Kupffer cells | Nuclear pleomorphism, binucleation, hepatocyte vacuolation, focal necrosis, viral replication in Kupffer cells |
| Spleen pathology | Leukocyte activation, splenic congestion, splenomegaly, viral replication | Leukocyte activation, splenic congestion, splenomegaly, viral replication, destruction of splenic architecture |
| Leukopenia | Yes | Yes |
| Thrombocytopenia | Yes | Yes |
| Hypoalbuminemia | Yes | Yes, more severe |
| Electrolyte imbalance | No | Yes |
| Prolonged prothrombin time (PT) | Not significant | Yes |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) | Not significant | Not significant |
| Cytokine induction | Low induction: IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, G-CSF, IFNγ, TNFα | High induction: IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, G-CSF, IFNγ, TNFα |
| Chemokine induction | Low induction: KC, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 | High induction: KC, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 |
Characteristics of increased severity of C0360/94 infection compared to D83-144 are bolded.